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Questions and Answers
Which type of wave requires a medium to travel?
Which type of wave requires a medium to travel?
- Transverse waves
- Stationary waves
- Electromagnetic waves
- Longitudinal waves (correct)
Stationary waves transfer energy from one point to another.
Stationary waves transfer energy from one point to another.
False (B)
Define wavelength in terms of points in phase.
Define wavelength in terms of points in phase.
Distance between two consecutive points in phase
In a longitudinal wave, a region where the pressure is greater than the surrounding pressure is called a ______.
In a longitudinal wave, a region where the pressure is greater than the surrounding pressure is called a ______.
Match the wave type with the direction of particle vibration relative to the wave's direction of travel:
Match the wave type with the direction of particle vibration relative to the wave's direction of travel:
What does the phase difference between two points on a wave indicate?
What does the phase difference between two points on a wave indicate?
Amplitude is a vector quantity.
Amplitude is a vector quantity.
What is the relationship between frequency and time period?
What is the relationship between frequency and time period?
The time taken for one complete wave to form is known as the ______.
The time taken for one complete wave to form is known as the ______.
Match the term with its description:
Match the term with its description:
A wave completes one transition. What is its phase difference in degrees?
A wave completes one transition. What is its phase difference in degrees?
The speed of a wave is the number of complete waves formed in one second.
The speed of a wave is the number of complete waves formed in one second.
State the formula relating wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
State the formula relating wave speed, frequency, and wavelength.
The number of complete waves formed per second is called the ______ of the wave.
The number of complete waves formed per second is called the ______ of the wave.
Match the formula with the quantity it calculates:
Match the formula with the quantity it calculates:
If a wave has a time period of 0.02 seconds, what is its frequency?
If a wave has a time period of 0.02 seconds, what is its frequency?
In a transverse wave, particle motion is parallel to the direction of energy propagation.
In a transverse wave, particle motion is parallel to the direction of energy propagation.
What type of waves can travel in a vacuum?
What type of waves can travel in a vacuum?
The maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position in a wave is called its ______.
The maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position in a wave is called its ______.
Match the following wave phenomena with their descriptions:
Match the following wave phenomena with their descriptions:
What happens to the wavelength of a wave if its frequency increases while the wave speed remains constant?
What happens to the wavelength of a wave if its frequency increases while the wave speed remains constant?
Diffraction is most significant when the slit size is much larger than the wavelength.
Diffraction is most significant when the slit size is much larger than the wavelength.
Describe what happens to a wave as it undergoes refraction.
Describe what happens to a wave as it undergoes refraction.
The spreading of a wave as it passes through a narrow opening or around an obstacle is known as ______.
The spreading of a wave as it passes through a narrow opening or around an obstacle is known as ______.
Match the uses with the region of the electromagnetic spectrum
Match the uses with the region of the electromagnetic spectrum
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?
Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?
Electromagnetic waves require a medium for propagation.
Electromagnetic waves require a medium for propagation.
What is the name of the phenomenon where the observed frequency of a wave changes due to relative motion between the source and the observer?
What is the name of the phenomenon where the observed frequency of a wave changes due to relative motion between the source and the observer?
The color shift towards longer wavelengths in the spectrum of light from distant galaxies is known as ______.
The color shift towards longer wavelengths in the spectrum of light from distant galaxies is known as ______.
Match the application with the appropriate electromagnetic wave:
Match the application with the appropriate electromagnetic wave:
According to Malus's Law, what is the intensity of light after passing through a polarizer if the original light is unpolarized and has an intensity of $I_0$?
According to Malus's Law, what is the intensity of light after passing through a polarizer if the original light is unpolarized and has an intensity of $I_0$?
Longitudinal waves can be polarized.
Longitudinal waves can be polarized.
State Malus's Law.
State Malus's Law.
The process of restricting the oscillations of a wave to one plane is called ______.
The process of restricting the oscillations of a wave to one plane is called ______.
Match the application with the phenomenon of light it utilizes
Match the application with the phenomenon of light it utilizes
What type of wave is sound?
What type of wave is sound?
Electromagnetic waves are always longitudinal.
Electromagnetic waves are always longitudinal.
In the context of wave motion, what is meant by 'displacement?'
In the context of wave motion, what is meant by 'displacement?'
When a wave bends as it moves from one medium to another, this is called ______.
When a wave bends as it moves from one medium to another, this is called ______.
Match the type of electromagnetic radiation with its typical wavelength:
Match the type of electromagnetic radiation with its typical wavelength:
Flashcards
Progressive Waves
Progressive Waves
Waves transfer energy from one place to another.
Stationary Waves
Stationary Waves
Waves that do not transfer energy.
Transverse Waves
Transverse Waves
Vibration/motion of particles is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave/to the direction of propagation of energy.
Longitudinal Waves
Longitudinal Waves
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Displacement-distance
Displacement-distance
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Displacement
Displacement
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Distance
Distance
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Amplitude
Amplitude
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Wavelength (λ)
Wavelength (λ)
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Phase Difference
Phase Difference
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Time Period (T)
Time Period (T)
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Frequency
Frequency
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Diffraction
Diffraction
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Polarisation
Polarisation
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Intensity of a wave
Intensity of a wave
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Study Notes
Waves
- Progressive waves transfer energy from one place to another.
- Stationary waves do not transfer energy.
Transverse Waves
- Vibrations or motion of particles are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave, and its propagation of energy.
- They can travel in a vacuum, examples include electromagnetic spectrum and water waves.
Longitudinal Waves
- Vibrations or motion of particles are parallel to the direction of travel of the waves, and its propagation of energy.
- They require a medium to travel, examples include sound waves.
- Compression: pressure is greater than surrounding pressure.
- Rarefaction: pressure is lesser than surrounding pressure.
Displacement-Distance
- At a particular time, displacement refers to the distance moved by a particle from its mean position.
- Distance is the length moved along the wave.
- Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a particle from its mean position in a wave; it's a scalar quantity.
- Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points in phase.
- Phase difference indicates how much of a wave is completed:
- 0° = 0% wave
- 360° = 100% wave
- One transition (½ wave) = ½ * 360° = 90°
Phase Difference
- Phase Difference = (Δx / λ) * 360°, where Δx is the path difference and λ is the wavelength.
- 3.75 - 1.65 / 4 * 360° = 189°
Displacement - Time
- At a particular distance, displacement refers to the distance moved by one particle.
- Phase difference shows how much of a wave is completed:
- 0° = 0% wave
- 360° = 100% wave.
- Phase difference = (Δt / T) * 360°, where Δt is the time difference and T is the period.
- Time Period (T): time taken for one complete wave to form (seconds).
- Frequency: The number of complete waves formed in 1 second.
- f = number of complete waves / total time = 1 / T
Phase Difference Between Two Waves
- Phase difference = (Δx / λ) * 360°
- 2/4 * 360° = 180°
- Phase difference = (Δt / T) * 360°
- 2/4 * 360° = 180°
Velocity of a Wave
- Speed = Distance / Time
- v = λ * (1/T) => v = fλ
- Speed = Distance / Time
- v = fλ
Intensity of a Wave
- It is the power incident per unit area; a scalar quantity measured in Watts per square meter (W/m^2).
- I = P/A => P = dW/dt => I = dW / (A*dt)
- In most cases, Surface Area (SA) is 4Ï€r^2 (surface area of a sphere).
- Learn the relationships of a wave:
- I α amplitude^2
- I = Ka^2 , I1/a1^2 = K = I2/a2^2
- Ialpha 1/distance^2
- I = A/r^2, I1r1^2 = K = I2r2^2
- I α frequency (not as important)
- I α amplitude^2
Doppler Effect
- Change in the observed frequency due to relative motion between observer and source.
- Approach: fo = [(v)/(v-vs)] * fs
- Separation: fo = [(v)/(v+vs)] * fs
- fo: observed frequency
- fs: source frequency
- v: speed of wave in the medium
- vs: speed of the source (constant)
Redshift
- Wavelength of light stretched to longer wavelengths due to separation velocity between galaxies.
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