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Understanding Volcanoes

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Questions and Answers

What is the main way that volcanic terrain is built up?

By slow accumulation of erupted lava (correct)

By folding and faulting of the Earth's crust

By uplift of the Earth's crust

By erosion of the Earth's surface

What connects the volcanic vent to the storage areas of molten rock (magma) beneath the surface?

Erosion of the Earth's surface

Cracks within and beneath the volcano (correct)

Faults in the Earth's crust

Volcanic ash deposits

What is the key difference between magma and lava?

Magma is made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gas, while lava is just molten rock

Lava is made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gas, while magma is just molten rock

Magma is found below the Earth's surface, while lava is found on the surface (correct)

Lava is hotter than magma

What is the main chemical composition of magma?

Mostly silicon and aluminum Signup and view all the answers

Why do volcanoes eventually become unstable and collapse?

Due to pieces of the volcano falling off as rock falls or landslides Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driving force that causes magma to move towards the Earth's surface?

Buoyancy due to its lower density compared to surrounding rock Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of magma erupting as tephra?

Dense clouds of rock shards and gas shoot violently into the air Signup and view all the answers

What is the process described for analyzing the mineral composition of lava samples?

Placing the molten lava in a bucket of water to "freeze" mineral growth Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many potentially active volcanoes are there worldwide, according to the text?

1,350 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Kīlauea volcano is true, based on the information provided?

It has been erupting almost nonstop since 1983 Signup and view all the answers