Understanding Volcanoes

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Questions and Answers

What is the main way that volcanic terrain is built up?

  • By slow accumulation of erupted lava (correct)
  • By folding and faulting of the Earth's crust
  • By uplift of the Earth's crust
  • By erosion of the Earth's surface

What connects the volcanic vent to the storage areas of molten rock (magma) beneath the surface?

  • Erosion of the Earth's surface
  • Cracks within and beneath the volcano (correct)
  • Faults in the Earth's crust
  • Volcanic ash deposits

What is the key difference between magma and lava?

  • Magma is made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gas, while lava is just molten rock
  • Lava is made of molten rock, crystals, and dissolved gas, while magma is just molten rock
  • Magma is found below the Earth's surface, while lava is found on the surface (correct)
  • Lava is hotter than magma

What is the main chemical composition of magma?

<p>Mostly silicon and aluminum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do volcanoes eventually become unstable and collapse?

<p>Due to pieces of the volcano falling off as rock falls or landslides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary driving force that causes magma to move towards the Earth's surface?

<p>Buoyancy due to its lower density compared to surrounding rock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of magma erupting as tephra?

<p>Dense clouds of rock shards and gas shoot violently into the air (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process described for analyzing the mineral composition of lava samples?

<p>Placing the molten lava in a bucket of water to &quot;freeze&quot; mineral growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately how many potentially active volcanoes are there worldwide, according to the text?

<p>1,350 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about KÄ«lauea volcano is true, based on the information provided?

<p>It has been erupting almost nonstop since 1983 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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