Vitamin K in Biochemistry
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Questions and Answers

Which vitamin is essential for the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in prothrombin and clotting factors?

  • Vitamin K (correct)
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin C
  • Vitamin E

    • What is the result of carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in prothrombin and clotting factors?

  • Formation of β-carboxyglutamate
  • Formation of γ-carboxyglutamate (correct)
  • Formation of α-carboxyglutamate
  • Formation of δ-carboxyglutamate

    • What form of vitamin K is necessary for the carboxylation process?

  • Dihydroquinone form (correct)
  • Tetrahydroquinone form
  • Trihydroquinone form
  • Quinone form

    • What is the function of warfarin in the coagulation process?

    <p>Inhibits vitamin K reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause vitamin K deficiency?

    <p>Antibiotic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of vitamin K deficiency?

    <p>Risk of bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of vitamin K is primarily found in green leafy vegetables?

    <p>Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main dietary source of Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)?

    <p>Intestinal bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of vitamin K is a synthetic form and considered toxic as a supplement?

    <p>Vitamin K3 (Menadione)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily amount (RDA) of Vitamin K for men aged 19 and above?

    <p>$120 ext{(ug/day)}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the RDA of Vitamin K for infants aged 0-1 year?

    <p>$2-2.5 ext{(ug/day)}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Vitamin K in the body?

    <p>Assists in blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group meets the daily requirement of vitamin K even without dietary supplement?

    <p>Women aged 19 and above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the upper limit of recommended daily amount (RDA) for Vitamin K?

    <p>Not established</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Vitamin K is a precursor of menaquinone and considered toxic as a supplement?

    <p>Vitamin K3 (Menadione)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main sources of Vitamin K1?

    <p>Cabbage, kale, spinach, egg yolk, liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the RDA for women aged 19 and above for vitamin K?

    <p>90 (ug/day)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of vitamin K that occur naturally?

    <p>Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) and Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is essential for the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in prothrombin and clotting factors?

    <p>Carboxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of oral antibiotic therapy in relation to vitamin K synthesis?

    <p>Inhibition of bacterial synthesis of vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to vitamin K deficiency?

    <p>Lipid malabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of warfarin in the coagulation process?

    <p>Inhibits vitamin K reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein requires γ-carboxyglutamate for binding to hydroxyapatite in the bone?

    <p>\text{Osteocalcin}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily amount (RDA) of Vitamin K for women aged 19 and above?

    <p>90 $ ext{(ug/day)}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of vitamin K is primarily synthesized by intestinal bacteria, meeting the daily requirement even without dietary supplement?

    <p>Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Vitamin K in the body?

    <p>Acts as a coenzyme for the synthesis of prothrombin and blood clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Vitamin K is a precursor of menaquinone and considered toxic as a supplement?

    <p>Vitamin K3 (Menadione)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main dietary sources of Vitamin K1?

    <p>Cabbage, kale, spinach, egg yolk, liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Prothrombin and clotting factors II, VII, IX, X require carboxylation of their glutamic acid (Glu) residues.

    • Carboxylation results in the formation of γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla) in mature prothrombin and clotting factors.

    • Vitamin K is essential for the carboxylase enzyme involved in the carboxylation reaction.

    • Dihydroquinone form of vitamin K is necessary for the carboxylation process.

    • Vitamin K functions in the coagulation process by binding calcium and phospholipids on the surface of platelets.

    • Warfarin is a competitive inhibitor of vitamin K reductase, prolonging coagulation time.

    • Osteocalcin, a bone turnover protein, requires γ-carboxyglutamate for binding to hydroxyapatite in the bone.

    • Vitamin K deficiency is rare due to intestinal bacterial synthesis, but can be caused by lipid malabsorption, antibiotic therapy, and gastrointestinal infections.

    • Vitamin K deficiency can lead to high blood calcium levels, heart problems, and hemorrhagic symptoms.

    • Large doses of vitamin K can cause hemolytic anemia and jaundice due to toxic effects on red blood cell membranes.

    • Vitamin K is synthesized by the liver and requires an additional carboxyl group for calcium binding.

    • Oral antibiotic therapy can cause functional vitamin K deficiency by inhibiting bacterial synthesis.

    • Vitamin K is a cofactor for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

    • Vitamin K is required for γ-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues.

    • Sources of Vitamin K include green leafy vegetables, certain vegetable oils, and synthesis by intestinal bacteria.

    • Vitamin K is essential for proper blood clotting and bone metabolism.

    • Prothrombin and clotting factors II, VII, IX, X require carboxylation of their glutamic acid (Glu) residues.

    • Carboxylation results in the formation of γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla) in mature prothrombin and clotting factors.

    • Vitamin K is essential for the carboxylase enzyme involved in the carboxylation reaction.

    • Dihydroquinone form of vitamin K is necessary for the carboxylation process.

    • Vitamin K functions in the coagulation process by binding calcium and phospholipids on the surface of platelets.

    • Warfarin is a competitive inhibitor of vitamin K reductase, prolonging coagulation time.

    • Osteocalcin, a bone turnover protein, requires γ-carboxyglutamate for binding to hydroxyapatite in the bone.

    • Vitamin K deficiency is rare due to intestinal bacterial synthesis, but can be caused by lipid malabsorption, antibiotic therapy, and gastrointestinal infections.

    • Vitamin K deficiency can lead to high blood calcium levels, heart problems, and hemorrhagic symptoms.

    • Large doses of vitamin K can cause hemolytic anemia and jaundice due to toxic effects on red blood cell membranes.

    • Vitamin K is synthesized by the liver and requires an additional carboxyl group for calcium binding.

    • Oral antibiotic therapy can cause functional vitamin K deficiency by inhibiting bacterial synthesis.

    • Vitamin K is a cofactor for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

    • Vitamin K is required for γ-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues.

    • Sources of Vitamin K include green leafy vegetables, certain vegetable oils, and synthesis by intestinal bacteria.

    • Vitamin K is essential for proper blood clotting and bone metabolism.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of vitamin K biochemistry and its role in blood coagulation with this quiz. Learn about the types, sources, and functions of vitamin K, as well as the impact of anticoagulant drugs and disorders related to its deficiency.

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