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Questions and Answers

What are the four main vital signs routinely monitored by medical professionals and health care providers?

  • Body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, and blood flow
  • Body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration rate (correct)
  • Body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood sugar level
  • Body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and body weight

What is the normal range for body temperature in a healthy adult?

  • 97.8°F (36.5°C) to 99.0°F (37.2°C) (correct)
  • 99.5°F (37.5°C) to 101.3°F (38.5°C)
  • 95.0°F (35.0°C) to 97.6°F (36.4°C)
  • 98.6°F (37.0°C) to 100.4°F (38.0°C)

How much higher is a rectal temperature compared to an oral temperature?

  • 0.2°C (0.36°F) higher
  • 0.5°C (0.9°F) higher (correct)
  • 0.3°C (0.54°F) higher
  • 0.7°C (1.26°F) higher

How much lower is an axillary (underarm) temperature compared to an oral temperature?

<p>0.5°C (0.9°F) lower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can vital signs be measured?

<p>In a medical setting, at home, at the site of a medical emergency, or elsewhere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can affect a person's normal body temperature?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a way to measure body temperature?

<p>Intravenously (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring vital signs?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not considered one of the four main vital signs?

<p>Blood sugar level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring body temperature?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of pallor that may be due to vasoconstriction or endocrine disease?

<p>Increased level of deoxygenated hemoglobin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cyanosis presents as blue coloration in the lips and tongue?

<p>Central cyanosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four criteria that confirm clubbing of nails?

<p>Loss of the normal angle between the nail and nail bed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diseases can cause clubbing of nails?

<p>Respiratory diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Localized edema is typically due to which of the following?

<p>Allergy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is characteristic of lymphedema and myxedema but absent in other types of edema?

<p>Pitting on pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the epitrochlear glands located?

<p>Elbows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one feature of pathological lymph nodes that often indicates infection?

<p>Tenderness upon touch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does fixation of lymph nodes to deep structures or skin usually indicate?

<p>Malignancy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of generalized edema due to an increase in interstitial fluid?

<p>Cardiac diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a special thermometer measure in the ear?

<p>Core body temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a fever defined according to the American Academy of Family Physicians?

<p>A rise of one degree or more above normal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hypothermia defined as?

<p>A drop in body temperature below 95 degrees Fahrenheit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pulse rate range for healthy adults at rest?

<p>60-100 beats per minute (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can an increased pulse rate indicate?

<p>Emotions, illness, or exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the pulse rate measured?

<p>Counting the heartbeats per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the respiration rate?

<p>The number of breaths per minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is blood pressure a measurement of?

<p>The force of blood pushing against artery walls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the systolic pressure represent?

<p>Pressure when the heart contracts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before measuring your blood pressure?

<p>Rest for 3-5 minutes without talking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of placing the stethoscope over the medial border of the biceps (brachial artery) during blood pressure measurement?

<p>To listen for the appearance of the phase 1 (systolic) sound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of oxygen saturation measurement?

<p>It quantifies the degree of cardio-pulmonary impairment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the physical examination process?

<p>Ordering laboratory tests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym JACCOL stand for in the physical examination?

<p>Jaundice, Anemia, Cyanosis, Clubbing, Oedema, Lymphadenopathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a 'moon face' indicate during the physical examination?

<p>Cushing's syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a 'sweetness of breath' odor suggest during the physical examination?

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'shuffling gait' indicate during the physical examination?

<p>Parkinsonism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of 'splinter hemorrhages' in the nails suggest during the physical examination?

<p>Trauma or infective endocarditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of auscultating the thyroid gland during the physical examination?

<p>To check for the presence of a thyroid bruit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of jaundice indicate during the physical examination?

<p>Increased levels of bilirubin in the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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