Vital Signs and Homeostasis Quiz

The septum is a wall that divides the heart into two sides - the right and left. It prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, ensuring efficient oxygen delivery to the body.

The Anterior Interventricular Artery supplies blood to the front part of the left ventricle. It's called the "Widow Maker" because blockage in this artery can cause a massive heart attack, often fatal.

The path of blood starts in the right ventricle, goes to the lungs (pulmonary circulation) to pick up oxygen, returns to the left atrium, flows to the left ventricle, then to the body (systemic circulation), and finally back to the right atrium.

They work together to keep the valves closed:

• Chordae tendineae: String-like structures that attach to the valves and prevent them from flapping back into the atria.
• Papillary muscles: Small muscles in the ventricle that contract to tighten the chordae tendineae.

Empathy is understanding and sharing someone else's feelings, while sympathy is feeling sorry for someone. Example: Empathy: "I understand why you’re feeling stressed; you’ve been through a lot lately." Sympathy: "I’m so sorry you’re feeling stressed."

Vital signs are measurements that indicate the body's basic functions. They are used to assess a person's overall health and to monitor changes in their condition.

Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment even when external conditions change. Triage is the process of prioritizing medical treatment based on the severity of the patient's condition. They interrelate because triage decisions often consider vital signs to assess the urgency of care needed.

Heart rate, also known as pulse, is the number of times your heart beats per minute. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries.

Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm). Blood pressure is typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

Oxygen saturation is the percentage of hemoglobin in your blood that is carrying oxygen. It's measured with a pulse oximeter, a device that clips onto your finger and shines a light through it. The light absorption pattern reveals how much oxygen your blood is carrying.

Algor mortis is the cooling of the body after death. Rigor mortis is stiffening of the muscles after death. Livor mortis is the settling of blood in the lower parts of the body after death, causing discoloration.

Putrefaction is the decomposition of the body after death. It involves bacteria breaking down tissue and releasing gases.

Scene markers are any objects or evidence found at the scene of a death that can help piece together the sequence of events. They can establish a timeline leading up to death by indicating the position of the body, the presence of weapons or other items, or the time of certain actions. For example, a coffee cup found near the decedent can offer clues about when they were last awake and drinking.

The field of Forensic Entomology uses insects to help determine the time of death. Insects arrive at a body in a predictable order and their developmental stages can provide clues to how long the body has been exposed.

Forensic Toxicology is a branch of toxicology that focuses on the analysis of drugs and poisons in legal cases. It helps determine the cause of death, impairment, or intoxication related to the presence of substances in the body.

Metabolites are byproducts of the body's breakdown of substances. They can be used to identify what substances were ingested prior to death, because different substances are broken down into specific metabolites.

Forensic Chemistry applies scientific knowledge to solve crimes by analyzing evidence. It involves using chemical techniques to identify and examine substances found at crime scenes.

Histology is the study of tissues, the groups of cells that form the building blocks of organs and organ systems.

The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is everything else outside of the brain and spinal cord. The PNS carries signals to and from the CNS.

A Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head that disrupts the normal function of the brain.

A Histologist examines tissues under a microscope to identify and diagnose diseases, injuries, or other abnormalities. They help doctors make diagnoses and determine the best course of treatment.