Understanding Virus Replication and Routes of Entry
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common symptom of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection?

  • Persistent cough with blood (correct)
  • Abdominal pain
  • Joint swelling
  • Skin rash

    • Which phase of antitubercular drug treatment involves drugs used in combination to achieve rapid destruction of cells?

  • Recovery phase
  • Initial intensive phase (correct)
  • Continuation phase
  • Maintenance phase

    • What is the characteristic shape of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

  • Cocci
  • Spiral
  • Rod-shaped bacillus (correct)
  • Square

    • Why are two to three effective drugs given at all times during antitubercular drug treatment?

    <p>To prevent resistance and improve efficacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of antitubercular drugs is reserved for more complicated infections?

    <p>Second-line drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action of antitubercular drugs mentioned in the text?

    <p>Inhibit protein synthesis, cell wall synthesis, or other mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of antifungals?

    <p>Prevent fungal cells from growing and reproducing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common interaction with antifungals according to the text?

    <p>Decreased oral anticoagulant activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of systemic antifungals according to the text?

    <p>Renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient population is particularly prone to Vaginal candidiasis?

    <p>Neonatal infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nursing implication related to IV amphotericin administration mentioned in the text?

    <p>Watch for 'Shake and bake' syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contraindicated when using antifungals according to the text?

    <p>Alcohol use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a route by which viruses can enter the body?

    <p>Injection directly into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a mature virus particle (virion)?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications can alter the therapeutic effects of antitubercular drugs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral illness is caused by a retrovirus?

    <p>HIV/AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin should be given to help with liver toxicity associated with antitubercular drugs?

    <p>Vitamin B6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about viral structure is TRUE?

    <p>The capsid protects the genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viral illnesses is caused by a herpesvirus?

    <p>Herpes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as an adverse effect of antitubercular drugs?

    <p>Nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2?

    <p>HSV-1 causes oral herpes, and HSV-2 causes genital herpes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following assessments should be performed in patients who are to receive isoniazid (INH) or rifampin?

    <p>Liver function studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about patient education for antitubercular drugs is NOT true?

    <p>Patients should be told that they are no longer contagious once they start treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about antitubercular drugs is true?

    <p>Patients taking rifampin may experience discoloration of bodily fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before administering intravenous (IV) infusions of antifungal medications?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should vital signs be monitored during intravenous (IV) infusions of antifungal medications?

    <p>Every 15 to 30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored during intravenous (IV) infusions of antifungal medications to identify adverse effects?

    <p>Both vital signs and input/output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pretreatments may be given to reduce the severity of infusion-related reactions with amphotericin B?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When administering intravenous (IV) infusions of antifungal medications, which veins should be used?

    <p>The most distal veins possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored to assess the therapeutic effects of antifungal medications?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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