Understanding Variables in Experiments

Study Notes

Understanding Variables in Experiments

Types of Variables: Three main categories in experimental designs are independent, dependent, and controlled variables.

Independent Variables

Represented by the factor that is changed or manipulated in an experiment.
In the example, the independent variable is speed while driving.

Dependent Variables

This variable is what is measured in the experiment; it responds to changes in the independent variable.
In the example, the dependent variable is fuel used during the trip.

Controlled Variables

These are factors that must remain constant to ensure that the experiment focuses solely on the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
Examples of controlled variables in the experiment include:
- Distance travelled: Consistently driving 50 km on each trip.
- Car used: The same vehicle must be utilized throughout the experiment to eliminate differences in fuel efficiency.
- Weight in car: The load inside the car should be the same to maintain consistent weight.
- Road travelled on: Using the same type of road conditions to avoid variations in fuel consumption due to different terrains.

Experimental Setup

A hypothesis can be formulated, such as "driving faster will use more fuel."
The experiment involves driving at various speeds (20 km/h, 40 km/h, 60 km/h, 80 km/h, and 100 km/h) to collect data on fuel usage over the set distance.

Description

This quiz focuses on the types of variables present in experimental designs, including independent, dependent, and controlled variables. It explores how these variables interact in the context of scientific experiments, specifically illustrated with an example related to driving. Test your knowledge on the essential concepts of experimental variables!