Understanding The Web and Web 1.0

The Web

• The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages with text and graphic images.
• It is a large collection of interconnected documents or content.
• It contains hypertext links, highlighted keywords, and images that lead to related information.
• A collection of linked Web pages that share a common theme or focus constitutes a Web site.
• The main page of a Web site is the home page, around which all other pages are organized and linked back to.
• Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee, also known as TimBL, is credited as the inventor of the World Wide Web.
• He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the University of Oxford and a professor at MIT.

Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)

• It is an early version of the Internet where users could only read information from the Internet.
• Web 1.0 uses tables to position and align elements on a page.
• It is focused on company home pages.
• It divides the World Wide Web into usable directories.
• The idea was to "put content together."
• Example: mp3.com and HTML/Portals.
• Disadvantages: Read-only web with limited user interaction and lack of standards.

Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)

• A term to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an increasing emphasis on human collaboration.
• It gives users the possibility to control their data.
• The content is about user-generated content and the read-write web.
• People are consumers and contributors of information through blogs or sites.
• Dynamic pages allow users to interact by commenting or creating accounts.
• Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via communities.
• Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Google+, Pinterest, and Instagram.
• Blogs are informational websites with diary-style text entries displayed in reverse chronological order.
• Wikis are hypertext publications collaboratively edited and managed by users.
• Video Sharing Sites let people upload and share video clips with the public or invited guests, like Youtube, Facebook, LinkedIn, and Flickr.
• Folksonomy is a feature allowing users to categorize and classify information using tags.
• Rich User Interface is when content is dynamic and responsive to user input.
• User Participation allows the web owner website is not the only one who can put content.
• Long Tail allows on-demand services rather than a one-time purchase.
• Software as a Service allows subscribing to software only when needed rather than purchasing it.
• Mass Participation has diverse information sharing through universal web access.

Web 3.0 (Read-write intelligent web)

• This is the next phase in Internet evolution, enabling human-like data understanding.
• It employs AI, machine learning, and blockchain for smart applications.
• Web 3.0 enables creation and distribution of tailored content.
• It is also known as the future of the Internet.
• John Markoff of the New York Times suggested the name.
• Applications will be upgraded with more features.
• Applies the same principles as Web 2.0 with two-way interaction.
• Will be more connected, open, and intelligent, using various technologies.
• Semantic Web provides a framework that allows data to be shared and reuse to deliver web content specifically targeting the user.

The Internet

• The Internet is the largest computer network connecting billions of users.
• The word "internet" comes from a combination of "interconnection" and "network."
• A network is a collection of computers and devices connected to share resources.
• Nobody owns the internet.
• ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency) in January 2, 1969, started an experimental computer network.
• The concept was no server, but equal importance/participation to every computer in the network.
• The word "internet" started in 1982, with its official birth on January 1, 1983.
• Vinton Gray Cerf is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", along with Bob Kahn.
• Application Server is program that provides the business logic for an application program.
• Web Server is a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files.
• Proxy Server is software acting as an intermediary between an endpoint device and another server.
• Mail Server is an application that receives incoming e-mail and forwards outgoing e-mail for delivery..
• File Server is a computer responsible for central storage and management of data files.
• Policy Server is a security component of a policy-based network that provides authorization services and facilities tracking and control of files.
• IP Address (Internet Protocol) is a numerical label assigned to each device.
• Browser is an application program that provides a way to look information on the web.
• Examples: Google chrome, safari, internet explorer, opera, Mozilla Firefox.
• Domain Name System (DNS) acts as the phonebook of the internet, accessing information through domain names.
• Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides services for accessing, using, or participating in internet.
• National ISP provides internet access to a specific geographic area.
• Regional ISP is a business that provides internet access in cities and towns nationwide.
• Uses of Internet: information, school works, jobs, sending mail, buy and sell, social networking, video call, games, online courses.

Netiquette

• This is network etiquette, the required forms of behavior in social or official online life and a set of rules for behaving properly online.
• Always communicate with a real person who will react to the message, even though you may be interacting with a computer screen.
• Treat others with respect and avoid offensive language.
• Use correct terminology, spelling, and grammar to communicate effectively.
• Avoid "screaming" in typed messages by NOT using all capital letters.
• Proofread messages before sending to ensure effective communication.
• Emails and chat messages are considered private and should not be forwarded without consent.
• Respect diversity in viewpoints and be constructive when sharing opinions.

Cybercrimes

• This is any crime in which a computer is the object or tool to commit an offense.
• Cybercriminals may use technology to access personal information or business trade secrets.
• Republic Act No. 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 address legal issues concerning online interactions.
• Republic Act No. 10173 or the Data Privacy Act of 2012 protects individual personal information.
• Copyright is the exclusive legal right to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material.
• Copyright Infringement is the violation, piracy, or theft of a copyright holder's rights.
• Plagiarism is the act of using another author's language or thoughts without authorization.
• Electronic theft is the practice of illegal downloading or obtaining files without the right to use them.
• The penalty for copyright infringement is Php 50,000 – 500, 000 plus prison.
• Computer Addiction is excessive gaming behavior, which can be practiced both offline and online.
• Virtual Self is the persona you create about yourself virtually.
• Hacking is unauthorized access or interference with computer systems or data.
• Forgery, Fraud, and/or Identity theft happens when an attempt to obtain sensitive information to steal money.
• Cyber Defamation is an unprivileged false statement of fact which tends to harm the reputation of a person or company, whose penalty is 6-12 years of imprisonment.
• Cyberbullying bullying someone in any communication, penalty falls under the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 (RA 10627).
• Cybersex is willful engagement of lascivious exhibition in a computer system and the penalty is imprisonment.
• If infection of Systems with Malware occurs, and the act is committed against critical infrastructure of the Philippines the, penalty is between 12-20 years reclusion temporal.
• The penalty of forgery, fraud, and or identity theft is Php 200,000 fine or prison.
• Child Pornography - Is a form of child sexual exploitation, the penalty of 12-20 years of imprisonment or reclusion temporal.