Understanding the Fundamentals of Pathology

Study of the nature and causes of diseases, including their effects on the structure and function of the body.

Hippocrates

Identifying abnormalities at the cellular and molecular levels to guide treatment planning.

<p>Understanding disease mechanisms, diagnosing diseases through examination of tissues, cells, and bodily fluids, investigating the underlying causes of diseases, and contributing to disease management and treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rudolf Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pathologists are medical doctors specialized in the study of diseases, using diagnostic techniques like histopathology, cytopathology, and clinical pathology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pathologists contribute to patient care by providing accurate and timely diagnoses, collaborating with clinicians on treatment plans, and monitoring disease progression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research areas in pathology include molecular pathology, translational research, and experimental pathology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The subspecialties within pathology are anatomic pathology and clinical pathology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emerging trends in pathology include digital pathology, molecular diagnostics, and artificial intelligence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopic examination, Biochemical assays, Culture and sensitivity testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensures accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility of test results, and prevents errors and misdiagnosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standard operating procedures (SOPs), Training and competency assessment, External accreditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accreditation, Documentation, Reporting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root cause analysis, Performance metrics, Feedback mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light microscopy and electron microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differential staining of nuclei (blue) and cytoplasm (pink)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aids in interpreting histological findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding molecular mechanisms of disease, identifying biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, monitoring treatment response and disease progression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver function tests: Assess liver enzymes (e.g., ALT, AST), bilirubin, and albumin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Culture techniques help identify and grow microorganisms from clinical samples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxins, adhesion molecules, capsules, enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Susceptibility testing guides antibiotic selection, prevents resistance, and ensures effective treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagnosis and management of blood disorders, monitoring hematological parameters, blood transfusion services</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune defense through phagocytosis, antibody production, and immune response against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells transport oxygen, white blood cells defend against infections, platelets aid in blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incubation period</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinical onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Onset of permanent damage and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Settling down with sequelae present</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incubation (induction) period</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>May result in death</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Onset of permanent damage and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disease can settle down, but sequelae are present</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinical onset of the disease</p> Signup and view all the answers