Understanding Systems and Information Systems
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Understanding Systems and Information Systems

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Questions and Answers

What are the characteristics of a system according to the text?

  • Only exists within an environment
  • Takes inputs, transforms them, and produces outputs (correct)
  • Does not have sub-systems
  • Does not use feedback for control

    • What are the components of Information Systems as per the text?

  • Hardware, Programs, People, Telecommunications/ Networks, Information, Procedures
  • Hardware, Software, Programs, Telecommunications/ Networks, Data, Environment
  • Hardware, Software, People, Telecommunications/ Networks, Data, Procedures (correct)
  • Hardware, Software, Data, Environment, Procedures

    • What do computer programs refer to in the context of Information Systems?

  • Data stored in machine-readable form on disk
  • Physical devices such as monitors and printers
  • Machine-readable instructions directing hardware circuitry to produce useful information from data (correct)
  • Human-readable manuals supporting hardware components

    • What are data in the context of Information Systems?

    <p>Facts used by programs to produce useful information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of a Transaction Processing System (TPS)?

    <p>Collect, store, modify, and retrieve data transactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system uses data from TPS to create reports for middle management?

    <p>Management Information System (MIS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of an Executive Support System (ESS)?

    <p>Address strategic decisions for senior management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Computer Hardware?

    <p>Connect other parts of the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

    <p>Control centre of a computer; performs arithmetic and logic operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Control Unit (CU) in a computer system?

    <p>Control overall operations of the computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of registers in a computer system?

    <p>Store intermediate results of the ALU during calculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is processor speed measured?

    <p>In Hertz (number of operations per second)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a bus in a computer system?

    <p>Transfer data between components inside a computer or between computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of storage devices in a computer system?

    <p>Store large amounts of non-volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expansion card used for in a computer system?

    <p>Add new functionality to a computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components of Information Systems as per the text?

    <p>Hardware, Software, People, Telecommunications/ Networks, Data, Procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Telecommunications/ Networks in Information Systems?

    <p>Facilitate communication and data transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Data in Information Systems?

    <p>Facts used by programs to produce useful information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Hardware in Information Systems?

    <p>Accept, process, show data and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a system from its environment?

    <p>Existence within the environment but separate from it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Software in Information Systems?

    <p>Direct the circuitry within hardware parts to produce useful information from data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an Information System from a general system?

    <p>Collection, manipulation, dissemination of data and information with feedback mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are considered as Data in Information Systems?

    <p>Facts used by programs to produce useful information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a System use feedback from its environment for?

    <p>Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Hardware components do in an Information System?

    <p>Accept, process, show data and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a Transaction Processing System (TPS)?

    <p>Storing and retrieving data transactions for routine tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Management Information System (MIS)?

    <p>Using data from TPS to create reports for middle management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of an Executive Support System (ESS)?

    <p>Addressing nonroutine decisions with little analytical capability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of computer hardware in an Information System?

    <p>Providing physical components like the monitor and keyboard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer system?

    <p>Interpreting and executing computer programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the role of people in Information Systems?

    <p>Managing, running, programming, and maintaining the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of an Input Unit in a computer system?

    <p>Accepting input and converting it into computer-readable form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Information Management aim to achieve?

    <p>Providing access to information efficiently and effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Computer Hardware?

    <p>Providing physical components like the monitor and keyboard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of Information Systems according to the text?

    <p>People, policies/processes, technology, data/information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an expansion card in a computer system?

    <p>To add new functionality to the computer system via the expansion bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of an embedded system?

    <p>To perform a specific task as a microcontroller or microprocessor based system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of block storage devices in a computer system?

    <p>To store large amounts of non-volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the Control Unit (CU) in a computer system?

    <p>To control overall operations of the computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of registers in a computer system?

    <p>To store intermediate results of the ALU during the calculation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of memory in a computer system?

    <p>To store data during processing time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of processor speed in a computer system?

    <p>To measure the number of operations per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of storage devices in a computer system?

    <p>To store large amounts of non-volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an expansion bus in a computer system?

    <p>To transfer data between components inside a computer or between computers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an output device in a computer system?

    <p>Monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a Transaction Processing System (TPS)?

    <p>Storing and modifying non-routine data transactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an Executive Support System (ESS) from other systems?

    <p>It addresses nonroutine decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Computer Hardware in an Information System?

    <p>Accepting data as input, processing it, and producing an output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of Information Management?

    <p>&quot;People, policies/processes, technology, and data/information&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Telecommunications/Networks contribute to Information Systems?

    <p>Enabling organizations to link computer systems for electronic communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Computer Hardware encompass?

    <p>Physical components such as the monitor,keyboards,motherboard,and CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an expansion card in a computer system?

    <p>To enhance the functionality of the computer system by adding new features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of block storage devices in a computer system?

    <p>Storing large amounts of non-volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of the Control Unit (CU) in a computer system?

    <p>Controlling overall operations of the computer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of storage devices in a computer system?

    <p>Storing large amounts of non-volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of processor speed in a computer system?

    <p>Determining the number of operations per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an output device in a computer system?

    <p>Monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an Information System from a general system?

    <p>Having software embedded in it to perform specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an embedded system designed to perform?

    <p>A specific task using microcontroller or microprocessor based system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an expansion bus do in a computer system?

    <p>Connects CPU, main memory, I/O devices, and other components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expansion card used for in a computer system?

    <p>Adding new functionality not offered by motherboard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components of Information Systems as per the text?

    <p>Hardware, Software, People, Telecommunications/ Networks, Data, Procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Hardware in Information Systems?

    <p>Accept, process, show data and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do computer programs refer to in the context of Information Systems?

    <p>Machine-readable instructions that direct the circuitry within the hardware parts of the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of an embedded system?

    <p>Perform specific tasks and functions within a larger system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Management Information System (MIS)?

    <p>Provide information for decision-making in an organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes an Information System from a general system?

    <p>Collect (input), manipulate (process), and disseminate (output) data and information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of memory in a computer system?

    <p>Store data in machine-readable form on disk until needed by the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an output device in a computer system?

    <p>Printers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Information Management aim to achieve?

    <p>Efficient and effective collection and use of information for decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of an Executive Support System (ESS)?

    <p>Provides support for senior executives' decision-making activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Telecommunications/Networks: enabling organizations to link computer systems, used for connecting computers and equipment within a building, country, or worldwide for electronic communication.

    • People: crucial element in information systems; includes IT professionals who manage, run, program, and maintain the system.

    • Procedures: strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using Information Systems.

    • Transaction Processing System (TPS): collects, stores, modifies, and retrieves data transactions; ideal for routine tasks; requires six steps: data entry, validation, data processing, storage, output generation, and query support.

    • Management Information System (MIS): uses data from TPS to create reports for middle management; creates summary, exception, and ad-hoc reports; increases efficiency for managerial activities; has little analytical capability.

    • Decision Support System (DSS): interactive, computer-based system to help decision-makers use data, documents, knowledge, and models to solve problems; can be simple or complex; addresses nonroutine decisions; can employ advanced graphics software and present data from multiple sources.

    • Executive Support Systems (ESS): designed for senior management; addresses strategic decisions; incorporates external and internal data; uses advanced graphics and delivers data through a portal.

    • Information Management: collecting and managing information from various sources and distributing it to the appropriate audiences; aims to provide access to information efficiently and effectively; involves people, policies/processes, technology, and data/information.

    • Computer: electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to instructions, stores it, and produces an output.

    • Computer Hardware: physical components, such as the monitor, keyboard, motherboard, and CPU.

    • Input Unit: responsible for taking input and converting it into computer-readable form.

    • Motherboard: main component that connects other parts of the computer.

    • Central Processing Unit (CPU): control centre of a computer; composed of an Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and a Control Unit (CU); performs arithmetic and logic operations.

    • Telecommunications/Networks: enabling organizations to link computer systems, used for connecting computers and equipment within a building, country, or worldwide for electronic communication.

    • People: crucial element in information systems; includes IT professionals who manage, run, program, and maintain the system.

    • Procedures: strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using Information Systems.

    • Transaction Processing System (TPS): collects, stores, modifies, and retrieves data transactions; ideal for routine tasks; requires six steps: data entry, validation, data processing, storage, output generation, and query support.

    • Management Information System (MIS): uses data from TPS to create reports for middle management; creates summary, exception, and ad-hoc reports; increases efficiency for managerial activities; has little analytical capability.

    • Decision Support System (DSS): interactive, computer-based system to help decision-makers use data, documents, knowledge, and models to solve problems; can be simple or complex; addresses nonroutine decisions; can employ advanced graphics software and present data from multiple sources.

    • Executive Support Systems (ESS): designed for senior management; addresses strategic decisions; incorporates external and internal data; uses advanced graphics and delivers data through a portal.

    • Information Management: collecting and managing information from various sources and distributing it to the appropriate audiences; aims to provide access to information efficiently and effectively; involves people, policies/processes, technology, and data/information.

    • Computer: electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to instructions, stores it, and produces an output.

    • Computer Hardware: physical components, such as the monitor, keyboard, motherboard, and CPU.

    • Input Unit: responsible for taking input and converting it into computer-readable form.

    • Motherboard: main component that connects other parts of the computer.

    • Central Processing Unit (CPU): control centre of a computer; composed of an Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and a Control Unit (CU); performs arithmetic and logic operations.

    • Telecommunications/Networks: enabling organizations to link computer systems, used for connecting computers and equipment within a building, country, or worldwide for electronic communication.

    • People: crucial element in information systems; includes IT professionals who manage, run, program, and maintain the system.

    • Procedures: strategies, policies, methods, and rules for using Information Systems.

    • Transaction Processing System (TPS): collects, stores, modifies, and retrieves data transactions; ideal for routine tasks; requires six steps: data entry, validation, data processing, storage, output generation, and query support.

    • Management Information System (MIS): uses data from TPS to create reports for middle management; creates summary, exception, and ad-hoc reports; increases efficiency for managerial activities; has little analytical capability.

    • Decision Support System (DSS): interactive, computer-based system to help decision-makers use data, documents, knowledge, and models to solve problems; can be simple or complex; addresses nonroutine decisions; can employ advanced graphics software and present data from multiple sources.

    • Executive Support Systems (ESS): designed for senior management; addresses strategic decisions; incorporates external and internal data; uses advanced graphics and delivers data through a portal.

    • Information Management: collecting and managing information from various sources and distributing it to the appropriate audiences; aims to provide access to information efficiently and effectively; involves people, policies/processes, technology, and data/information.

    • Computer: electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to instructions, stores it, and produces an output.

    • Computer Hardware: physical components, such as the monitor, keyboard, motherboard, and CPU.

    • Input Unit: responsible for taking input and converting it into computer-readable form.

    • Motherboard: main component that connects other parts of the computer.

    • Central Processing Unit (CPU): control centre of a computer; composed of an Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and a Control Unit (CU); performs arithmetic and logic operations.

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    Explore the characteristics of systems and information systems, including how they take inputs, transform them, produce outputs, and interact with their environment. Learn about sub-systems, feedback control, and the functions of information systems in collecting, manipulating, and disseminating data.

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