Questions and Answers
What is the criticism of Hofstede's model regarding the selection of respondents?
What is the focus of people in societies with high importance on personal happiness?
What is the recommended approach to communication in formal sessions?
What is the limitation of Hofstede's model regarding cultural diversity?
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What is the recommended approach to organizational structure in cross-cultural management?
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What is the criticism of Hofstede's model regarding its methodology?
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What is the recommended approach to communication in meetings and decision making?
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What is the limitation of Hofstede's model regarding the labeling of dimensions?
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According to Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory, which dimension refers to the distribution of power in a society?
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What is the primary aim of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory?
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Which of the following cultural dimensions is associated with a society's acceptance of an unequal distribution of power?
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What is the significance of a high Power Distance Index (PDI) score?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the six dimensions of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory?
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What is the primary focus of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory in the context of business?
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Which of the following cultural dimensions is associated with a society's values and norms regarding gender roles?
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Who is the developer of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory?
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In a high masculinity society, what is considered important?
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What is a key characteristic of a collective culture?
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For a Danish manager communicating with a Mexican team, what is an important tip to keep in mind?
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What is a key aspect of organizational structure in a high power distance culture?
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Why is it important for a Danish manager to communicate directly and unemotionally with a Mexican team?
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What is a key challenge for a company from Denmark operating in Mexico?
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What is a key aspect of cross-cultural management strategies?
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What is a key difference between individualist and collective cultures?
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Study Notes
Leisure Time and Restraints
- People tend to put little emphasis on leisure time and often try to restrain themselves.
- Indulgence vs. Restraint: Importance of freedom of speech, focus on personal happiness, and flexible working.
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory
- Developed by Geert Hofstede in 1980 to understand differences in culture across countries and how they impact business.
- Initially identified 4 dimensions, later added 2 more in cooperation with Drs. Michael H. Bond and Michael Minkov.
- Studied people who worked for IBM in over 50 countries between 1967 and 1973.
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions
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Power Distance Index (PDI): Degree of inequality that exists and is accepted between people with and without power.
- High PDI score: Acceptance of unequal distribution of power, strong egos, and focus on quality of life.
- TIPS: Be aware of differentiated gender roles, avoid an "old boys' club" mentality, and prioritize workplace flexibility.
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Individualism Versus Collectivism (IDV): Strength of ties between people within their community.
- High IDV score: Weak interpersonal connection, individual responsibility, and focus on results.
- TIPS: Understand differences between individualist and collective cultures.
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Masculinity Versus Femininity (MAS): Career success and quality of life.
- High MAS score: Importance of achievement, money, and status.
- TIPS: Communicate directly, avoid asking personal questions, and take into account that people are not interested in developing closer friendships.
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Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI): Degree of uncertainty tolerance in a society.
- High UAI score: Avoidance of uncertainty and ambiguity.
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Long- Versus Short-Term Orientation (LTO): Focus on long-term or short-term goals.
- High LTO score: Focus on long-term goals and perseverance.
Criticism of Hofstede's Model
- Not representative due to limited sample from IBM and middle-class workers.
- Ignores sub-cultures of different ethnic groups within a country.
- Dimensions studied are too simple and few to capture cultural diversity.
- Labelling issues, such as masculine and feminine dimensions.
- Methodology was unrealistic and not reliable.
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Description
This quiz explores the importance of freedom of speech, personal happiness, and the balance between indulgence and restraints in society. It also touches on the impact of optimism and pessimism on individual behavior.