Podcast
Questions and Answers
According to Fiske & Taylor (1991), what role does the self play in social cognition?
According to Fiske & Taylor (1991), what role does the self play in social cognition?
- It primarily serves to manage and regulate emotional responses in social situations.
- It is a central cognitive structure that shapes how individuals interpret and respond to social information. (correct)
- It acts as a repository for past experiences, influencing future behavior.
- It functions as a filter that screens out irrelevant social information to reduce cognitive overload.
In the context of social cognition, what does the term "self-concept" specifically encompass?
In the context of social cognition, what does the term "self-concept" specifically encompass?
- The perception of one's physical appearance and attractiveness.
- The strategies one uses to present oneself favorably to others.
- The overall understanding and perception an individual has about themselves, including beliefs, feelings, and identity. (correct)
- The ability to accurately predict one's own behavior in various social situations.
How does self-concept influence an individual's social behavior and emotional well-being?
How does self-concept influence an individual's social behavior and emotional well-being?
- By determining an individual's capacity for empathy and understanding of others' emotions.
- By shaping behavior, influencing relationships, and playing a role in emotional well-being. (correct)
- By dictating the specific social roles an individual should adopt to gain social approval.
- By primarily affecting one's ability to form close relationships with others.
When might an individual's self-concept be challenged, according to the scenario involving Janet?
When might an individual's self-concept be challenged, according to the scenario involving Janet?
What is the key feature of the "working self-concept" in social cognition?
What is the key feature of the "working self-concept" in social cognition?
How does the concept of a working self-concept manifest in different environments?
How does the concept of a working self-concept manifest in different environments?
In the context of "working self-concept," how might a typically creative person behave at work where deadlines and accuracy are critical?
In the context of "working self-concept," how might a typically creative person behave at work where deadlines and accuracy are critical?
What is the main function of a 'self-schema' in cognitive processes?
What is the main function of a 'self-schema' in cognitive processes?
A student with a strong academic self-schema encounters challenges in a difficult course. How is she likely to interpret these challenges?
A student with a strong academic self-schema encounters challenges in a difficult course. How is she likely to interpret these challenges?
What is self-efficacy, as defined by Albert Bandura, in the context of social cognition?
What is self-efficacy, as defined by Albert Bandura, in the context of social cognition?
How does high self-efficacy typically influence an individual's behavior in challenging situations?
How does high self-efficacy typically influence an individual's behavior in challenging situations?
What does 'self-focus' refer to in social cognition?
What does 'self-focus' refer to in social cognition?
When individuals focus on themselves and evaluate their behavior against a standard, what state are they experiencing?
When individuals focus on themselves and evaluate their behavior against a standard, what state are they experiencing?
How does self-esteem influence an individual's interpretation of social interactions and reactions to feedback?
How does self-esteem influence an individual's interpretation of social interactions and reactions to feedback?
What does self-esteem primarily represent in social cognition?
What does self-esteem primarily represent in social cognition?
Which of the following concepts refers to the dynamic aspect of the self that is activated in specific contexts or situations?
Which of the following concepts refers to the dynamic aspect of the self that is activated in specific contexts or situations?
How do self-schemas influence the way individuals process information about themselves and the world?
How do self-schemas influence the way individuals process information about themselves and the world?
In what way can self-focus impact an individual's view of a situation?
In what way can self-focus impact an individual's view of a situation?
How might a Jamaican individual with high self-esteem express pride in their heritage and culture?
How might a Jamaican individual with high self-esteem express pride in their heritage and culture?
Which of the following elements is NOT typically included as part of self-concept?
Which of the following elements is NOT typically included as part of self-concept?
Flashcards
Definition of the Self
Definition of the Self
The self is the collection of beliefs we have about ourselves, shaping how we interpret and respond to social information. (Fiske & Taylor, 1991)
Self in Social Cognition
Self in Social Cognition
Refers to how individuals perceive, evaluate, and regulate their own identity and behavior in relation to others; includes self-concept, self-esteem and self-presentation.
Self-Concept
Self-Concept
The overall understanding and perception an individual has about themselves, involving thoughts, beliefs, and feelings about identity and roles.
Working Self-Concept
Working Self-Concept
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Self-Schema
Self-Schema
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Self-Efficacy
Self-Efficacy
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Self-Focus
Self-Focus
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Self-Esteem
Self-Esteem
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Study Notes
The Self and Cognition
- The self is a collection of beliefs about ourselves that shapes how individuals interpret and respond to social information.
- The self is a dynamic, interactive system of thoughts, feelings, and motives that defines an individual's identity and guides behavior.
The Self in Social Cognition
- The self in social cognition involves how people perceive, evaluate, and regulate identity and behavior in relation to others.
- It encompasses self-concept, self-esteem, and self-presentation, acting both as an interpreter and an object of interpretation.
Self-Concept
- Self-concept in psychology is the overall understanding and perception one has about themselves
- It involves thoughts, beliefs, feelings about identity and roles, influencing behavior, relationships, and emotional well-being.
- Self-concept includes collected beliefs about ourselves (Fiske & Taylor, 1991)
- An example of self-concept is: Janet believes she is a caring friend, her self-concept aligns with her actions, reinforcing her belief in her caring nature.
- If Janet suddenly faced a situation where she couldn't be supportive, perhaps due to external stressors, her self-concept might be challenged, and she may feel guilty or inadequate and reassess her self-image.
Working Self-Concept
- Working self-concept is the aspect of our self-concept that is activated in a particular context.
- It represents the dynamic nature of how we perceive ourselves in different environments (Markus, H., & Kunda, Z., 1986).
- At work, a creative person might emphasize being punctual when deadlines are important.
- In family settings, an independent person might act more caring.
- A university student might be outgoing at a party but be quieter in a classroom.
Self-Schema
- A self-schema is a cognitive framework that organizes and interprets information about oneself.
- It consists of beliefs and ideas about oneself, including traits, behaviors, preferences, and experiences.
- Self-schemas help process information quickly and guide decisions in alignment with perceived identity.
- Maria has a strong academic self-schema, believing she is intelligent and hardworking.
- Maria may not have an athletic self-schema and not view herself as physically capable.
Self-Efficacy
- Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to successfully execute actions and achieve goals in social situations.
- It was Introduced by Albert Bandura.
- It influences how one perceives competence in interactions and confidence in challenging scenarios.
- With high self-efficacy, people are more likely to engage and persist through challenging social situations.
- With low self-efficacy, people may avoid such situations.
Self-Focus
- Self-focus is paying attention to one's own thoughts, feelings, and actions, especially in social situations.
- Being aware of oneself during interactions can impact emotions, self-esteem, and choices.
- Depending on how it shapes someone's view of the situation, self-focus can have a positive or negative effect.
- When focusing on ourselves, a state called self-awareness develops as someone evaluates behavior against a standard (Fiske & Taylor, 1991).
Self-Esteem
- Self-esteem is an individual's overall evaluation of their own worth.
- It indicates how much value/respect a person places on themselves.
- It is based on self-concept and beliefs about abilities, qualities, and identity.
- Self-esteem plays a role in behavior, decision-making, and emotional responses.
- High self-esteem results in more confidence, and low self-esteem results in social anxiety.
- Jamaicans take pride in their Culture leading them to feel empowered at international events.
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