Understanding Science: Principles and Methods

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Questions and Answers

Which principle of science emphasizes the importance of minimizing personal beliefs and biases in research?

  • Objectivity (correct)
  • Skepticism
  • Rationalism
  • Empiricism

A researcher observes a new phenomenon, formulates a question, and then develops a testable explanation. Which step of the scientific method comes next?

  • Analysis
  • Communication
  • Conclusion
  • Experimentation (correct)

Which branch of science is concerned with the study of matter, its properties, and how it changes?

  • Chemistry (correct)
  • Physics
  • Biology
  • Earth Science

What distinguishes a scientific theory from a scientific law?

<p>A theory is an explanation supported by evidence, while a law describes an observed pattern. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of how science informs policy and decision-making?

<p>Using scientific evidence to develop environmental regulations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for measuring temperature?

<p>Kelvin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the number 5,280,000 best expressed in scientific notation?

<p>$5.28 \times 10^6$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the 'precision' of a measurement?

<p>How repeatable the measurement is (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is represented by the colors, textures, and smells of a substance?

<p>Qualitative Data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In statistical analysis, which measure represents the middle value in a set of numbers?

<p>Median (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of graph is best suited for showing trends over time?

<p>Line graph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of peer review in scientific communication?

<p>To ensure that research findings are accurate and valid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle in science involves accurately reporting data and results?

<p>Honesty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is used to view distant objects in space?

<p>Telescope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which emerging field in science involves manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular level?

<p>Nanotechnology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Science?

A systematic approach to understanding the natural world through observation, experimentation, and evidence.

Empiricism

Knowledge is based on observation and experimentation.

Skepticism

Questioning claims and demanding evidence.

Observation

Identifying a phenomenon or recognizing a problem.

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Hypothesis

Developing a testable explanation or prediction.

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Experimentation

Testing a hypothesis through controlled conditions.

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Physics

Study of matter, energy, and their interactions.

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Biology

Study of living organisms and their processes.

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Scientific Theory

A well-substantiated explanation based on repeated confirmation.

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Scientific Law

Describes observed regularities or patterns in nature.

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SI Units

Standardized system of measurement in science.

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Accuracy

How close a measurement is to the true value.

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Quantitative Data

Numerical information that can be measured.

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Peer Review

Evaluation of scientific work by experts before publication.

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Biotechnology

Using biological systems to develop products and technologies.

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Study Notes

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