Understanding Rheumatic Fever

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Questions and Answers

What medical condition is associated with the presence of white blood cells and red blood cells in urine?

  • Kidney stone
  • Urinary tract infection (correct)
  • Tumor in the bladder
  • Glomerulonephritis

Which of the following is not a common cause of haematuria?

  • Bladder cancer
  • Heart attack (correct)
  • Post-streptococcal nephritic syndrome
  • Prolonged exercise or bicycle riding

What does haematuria refer to?

  • Formation of kidney stones
  • An enlarged prostate
  • Presence of pus in urine
  • Presence of red blood cells in urine (correct)

How can OHI (oral hygiene instruction) help prevent infections related to infective endocarditis?

<p>By recommending regular brushing twice a day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way exercising such as horseback riding can lead to haematuria?

<p>By inducing bleeding disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has a history of infective endocarditis, are they at risk of developing it again?

<p><strong>Yes</strong>, individuals with previous infective endocarditis are at risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

UTI stands for:

<p><strong>Urinary Tract Infection</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Glomerulonephritis is characterized by inflammation of which part of the body?

<p><strong>Kidneys</strong> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of basophils among the 7 cell lines that arise from haematopoiesis?

<p>Modulate inflammatory response and Immediate hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell line is responsible for primary haemostasis by adhering to subendothelial connective tissue?

<p>Platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of haemoglobin levels in adult females?

<p>120-155 g/L (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with anaemia and manifests as a feeling of tiredness and lack of energy?

<p>Lassitude (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sign of anaemia is characterized by an abnormally fast heart rate?

<p>Tachycardia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of normoblastic macrocytosis?

<p>Excessive alcohol consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anaemia involves red blood cells coated with IgG interacting with macrophages?

<p>Acquired immune haemolytic anaemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical feature of haemolytic normocytic anaemias?

<p>Splenomegaly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In haemolytic congenital anaemias, defects in what part of the red blood cell can lead to increased fragility and haemolysis?

<p>Cell membrane proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of adult hemoglobin comprises approximately 97% of the total?

<p>Hb A (alpha2beta2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of microcytic anaemia worldwide?

<p>Iron deficiency anaemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 mechanisms through which iron deficiency develops?

<p>Poor dietary intake, malabsorption, increased loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are normocytic anemias associated with?

<p>Chronic inflammatory diseases only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of anemia is megaloblastic anemia?

<p>Macrocytic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of the deficiencies associated with megaloblastic anemia?

<p>inadequate intake, inadequate secretion of intrinsic factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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