Understanding Public Budgeting in Public Administration

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Questions and Answers

राजकोषीय निरीक्षण किसके लिए सुनिश्चित करने का तरीका है?

कार्यक्रम के प्रदर्शन और परिणाम (correct)

सरकारी कार्यक्रमों की कुशलता

साझेदारी के मानकों से

विभाजन और गोपनीयता

बजट को 'शून्य आधार' से शुरू करने के लिए कौन सा उपाय अपनाया जाता है?

सरकारी संसाधनों के संरचना

राजकोषीय निरीक्षण (correct)

साझेदारी के मानकों से

सरकारी कार्यक्रमों और एजेंसियों की कुशलता

सार्वजनिक बजटिंग में प्रतिस्पर्धी प्राथमिकताएं कौन-सी हो सकती हैं?

सरकारी संसाधनों के संरचना (correct)

कुशलता का मूल्यांकन

समाज के संरक्षण

संपत्ति के सत्र

'प्रदर्शन बजटिंग' में कौन-सा मुख्य ध्यान है?

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'सही' संसाधनों के 'कुल-सलह' से संबंधित है?

'प्रमुख-प्रमुख' सही Signup and view all the answers

सार्वजनिक बजट क्या है?

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सार्वजनिक बजट क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है?

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लाइन-आइटम बजेटिंग क्या है?

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सार्वजनिक बजटिंग क्यों लोकतंत्रिक समाजों के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है?

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लाइन-आइटम बजेटिंग समीक्षा क्या है?

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सार्वजनिक बजेटिंग में प्रोग्राम बजेटिंग का मुख्य केंद्र क्या है?

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सार्वजनिक बजेट क्या है?

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सार्वजनिक लाइन-आइटम मॉनीटरिंग मुहैया है?

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Study Notes

Public Administration: Understanding Public Budgeting

Public administration, a cornerstone of modern democratic societies, encompasses a vast array of services and functions that governments perform to improve people's lives. At the heart of this endeavor lies public budgeting, a systematic process for allocating finite resources to meet the diverse needs of a population.

What is Public Budgeting?

Public budgeting is the process by which governments designate, collect, and disburse funds to fulfill their missions and objectives. The budget is a financial plan that outlines government revenue and expenditure, and it is a tool for decision-making, accountability, and transparency.

Why is Public Budgeting Important?

Public budgeting plays a pivotal role in shaping public policy, ensuring accountability, and allocating resources efficiently. It is a central mechanism for public administration, enabling governments to fulfill their responsibilities to citizens and promoting social, economic, and environmental well-being.

Types of Budgeting

Public budgeting has evolved over time, and the following are three common types of budgeting systems:

Line-Item Budgeting: Each department, agency, or program presents a detailed breakdown of expenses and revenues, with specific line items indicating funding levels.
Program Budgeting: This approach focuses on outcomes and objectives, rather than individual line items. It evaluates programs based on their effectiveness and merit, allocating resources accordingly.
Zero-Based Budgeting: This approach begins each budget period with a "zero base," where every budget item must be justified from scratch. It is designed to eliminate waste and promote efficiency.

Challenges in Public Budgeting

Public budgeting is inherently complex, due to factors such as:

Uncertainty: Factors such as economic fluctuations, natural disasters, and political changes can lead to unpredictable budgetary challenges and the need for adaptability.
Competing priorities: Governments must balance competing demands for resources, which can lead to difficult trade-offs and tough decisions.
Political influence: Budgetary decisions are often influenced by political considerations, which can impact the efficiency and effectiveness of public programs.

Budgeting Techniques

To tackle the challenges of public budgeting, governments have developed various techniques to improve efficiency and effectiveness:

Program Evaluation: This technique involves assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of programs, to ensure resources are allocated optimally.
Performance Budgeting: This approach focuses on aligning funding with performance targets and outcomes, to promote accountability and improve efficiency.
Efficiency Reviews: This technique involves analyzing the efficiency of government programs and agencies to identify opportunities for improvement.
Multi-Year Budgeting: This approach involves establishing budgets over multiple years, to provide more stability and predictability for government agencies and programs.

Conclusion

Public budgeting is a critical component of public administration, enabling governments to allocate resources efficiently, promote accountability, and fulfill their diverse obligations to citizens. By understanding the challenges and techniques associated with public budgeting, we can better appreciate its importance and promote efficient, effective, and accountable governance.

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Description

Explore the importance of public budgeting as a fundamental element of public administration. Learn about different types of budgeting systems, challenges faced in public budgeting, and various techniques to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in resource allocation.