Understanding Probiotics Definition by WHO
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Questions and Answers

What is the main defining characteristic of probiotics according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

  • They are suitable for any host species
  • They consist mainly of bacteria and yeasts
  • They are made by microorganisms
  • They are administered in adequate amounts (correct)

    • How do probiotics help individuals who have undergone major changes in their normal microflora?

  • By directly killing harmful bacteria in the gut
  • By genetically modifying the host's microflora
  • By providing essential nutrients to the host
  • By reestablishing the natural balance of gastrointestinal flora (correct)

    • What distinguishes probiotics from prebiotics?

  • Prebiotics escape digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract (correct)
  • Probiotics are available for microorganisms living in the colon
  • Prebiotics consist mainly of bacteria
  • Probiotics are derived from plant sources

    • Why might a strain selected as a probiotic in one animal not be suitable for another species?

    <p>Because different species have different normal microflora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food does NOT naturally contain the prebiotic oligofructose?

    <p>Asparagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are galacto-oligosaccharides mainly used?

    <p>In infant milk formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lactulose primarily used for?

    <p>To treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does fermentation of oligofructose in the colon have?

    <p>Stimulates growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the combination of prebiotics and probiotics in commercial products?

    <p>Synbiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are probiotics used after a course of antibiotics treatment?

    <p>To replenish good bacteria wiped out by antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes substances that are not considered probiotics, according to the World Health Organization?

    <p>Dead microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would probiotics be especially beneficial according to the text?

    <p>Individuals undergoing surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a strain selected as a probiotic in one animal not be suitable for another species?

    <p>Host-specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to food ingredients that are available for microorganisms living in the colon?

    <p>Oligosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes lactulose from oligofructose and inulin?

    <p>Lactulose is a synthetic sugar, while oligofructose and inulin are naturally occurring prebiotics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between galacto-oligosaccharides and oligofructose in terms of production?

    <p>Galacto-oligosaccharides can be synthesized enzymatically, while oligofructose is mainly derived from dairy products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets synbiotics apart from standalone prebiotics and probiotics?

    <p>Prebiotics and probiotics in synbiotics exert both prebiotic and probiotic effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibiotics differ from synbiotics in terms of their impact on gut health?

    <p>Synbiotics promote a balance between good and bad bacteria in the gut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of probiotics compared to prebiotics according to the text?

    <p>Probiotics replenish the beneficial bacteria in the gut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do oligofructose and inulin differ from galacto-oligosaccharides?

    <p>Oligofructose and inulin can be enzymatically synthesized from sucrose, while galacto-oligosaccharides cannot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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