Understanding Pramana in Indian Philosophy
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the knowledge obtained when differential diagnosis is based on the traits or characters of a particular object?

  • Gambheera vatarakta
  • Nirvikalpa
  • Savikalpam (correct)
  • Uttana vatarakta
  • Which type of knowledge occurs directly proportional to truth, according to the text?

  • Vatarakta
  • Ayathartha jnana
  • Gambheera vatarakta
  • Yathartha jnana (correct)
  • What is defined as the exact perception of knowledge of an object in the text?

  • Anumana
  • Pratyaksha (correct)
  • Agama
  • Upamana
  • Which pramana involves inferring knowledge by observing definitive characteristic traits and signs?

    <p>Anumana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the knowledge of Upamana usually achieved?

    <p>By means of comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of establishing or understanding facts based on pramana?

    <p>Pariksha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the primary source of knowledge obtained through perception by the senses?

    <p>Pratyaksha pramana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Anumana pramana intend to do?

    <p>Derive future prognosis based on past knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the synonym of Pramana that relates to causes?

    <p>Hetu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is essential for proper perception according to Charak Samhita Sutra Sthana 11/20?

    <p>Harmony of soul, mind, and senses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of examination, validation, and authentication of any object or phenomenon according to the text?

    <p>Pariksha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of knowledge is obtained through the contact of senses with the external object?

    <p>Pratyaksha pramana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which synonym of Pramana relates to availability or achievement?

    <p>Upalabdhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe knowledge obtained through curiosity or zeal to acquire knowledge?

    <p>Jignyasa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Anumana pramana in terms of its relationship with previous knowledge?

    <p>Anumana pramana uses previous knowledge for future deductions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pramana and Knowledge

    • Pramana refers to the means of gaining knowledge.
    • Pratyaksha Pramana denotes knowledge obtained through sensory perception, like identifying an object as a bird.
    • Prama signifies genuine experience or true knowledge (yathartha anubhava).
    • The measurement scale for prama is referred to as pramana, acting as a tool to achieve knowledge.

    Concepts of Pramana

    • Key concepts include:
      • Upalabdhi: Recognition or perception.
      • Sadhana: The method or means of attaining knowledge.
      • Jnana: Actual knowledge gained.
      • Parikshya: Examination or analysis before accepting knowledge as true.
      • Pramanayam: Assessment of validity in knowledge.

    Role of Pariksha

    • Pariksha entails examining and analyzing knowledge, establishing its truthfulness.
    • It is integral in validating prama and shaping pramana.

    Aihika & Paralaukika Principles

    • Understanding aihika (empirical) and paralaukika (transcendental) principles necessitates knowledge of pramana.

    Categories of Jnana

    • Jnana is categorized based on shared characteristics (commonality) and unique features (specificity):
      • Nirvikalpa: Definitive knowledge derived from general appearance.
      • Savikalpam: Distinct knowledge that reflects variability and specifics in perception.

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    Description

    Explore the concept of Pramana in Indian philosophy, which refers to the means by which knowledge is obtained. Learn about different aspects such as Pratyaksha Pramana, sadhana, jnana, and prama.

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