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Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the knowledge obtained when differential diagnosis is based on the traits or characters of a particular object?
What is the term used to describe the knowledge obtained when differential diagnosis is based on the traits or characters of a particular object?
- Gambheera vatarakta
- Nirvikalpa
- Savikalpam (correct)
- Uttana vatarakta
Which type of knowledge occurs directly proportional to truth, according to the text?
Which type of knowledge occurs directly proportional to truth, according to the text?
- Vatarakta
- Ayathartha jnana
- Gambheera vatarakta
- Yathartha jnana (correct)
What is defined as the exact perception of knowledge of an object in the text?
What is defined as the exact perception of knowledge of an object in the text?
- Anumana
- Pratyaksha (correct)
- Agama
- Upamana
Which pramana involves inferring knowledge by observing definitive characteristic traits and signs?
Which pramana involves inferring knowledge by observing definitive characteristic traits and signs?
How is the knowledge of Upamana usually achieved?
How is the knowledge of Upamana usually achieved?
What is the term used to describe the process of establishing or understanding facts based on pramana?
What is the term used to describe the process of establishing or understanding facts based on pramana?
Which term refers to the primary source of knowledge obtained through perception by the senses?
Which term refers to the primary source of knowledge obtained through perception by the senses?
What does Anumana pramana intend to do?
What does Anumana pramana intend to do?
What is the synonym of Pramana that relates to causes?
What is the synonym of Pramana that relates to causes?
Which component is essential for proper perception according to Charak Samhita Sutra Sthana 11/20?
Which component is essential for proper perception according to Charak Samhita Sutra Sthana 11/20?
What is the process of examination, validation, and authentication of any object or phenomenon according to the text?
What is the process of examination, validation, and authentication of any object or phenomenon according to the text?
Which type of knowledge is obtained through the contact of senses with the external object?
Which type of knowledge is obtained through the contact of senses with the external object?
Which synonym of Pramana relates to availability or achievement?
Which synonym of Pramana relates to availability or achievement?
What is the term used to describe knowledge obtained through curiosity or zeal to acquire knowledge?
What is the term used to describe knowledge obtained through curiosity or zeal to acquire knowledge?
What characterizes Anumana pramana in terms of its relationship with previous knowledge?
What characterizes Anumana pramana in terms of its relationship with previous knowledge?
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Study Notes
Pramana and Knowledge
- Pramana refers to the means of gaining knowledge.
- Pratyaksha Pramana denotes knowledge obtained through sensory perception, like identifying an object as a bird.
- Prama signifies genuine experience or true knowledge (yathartha anubhava).
- The measurement scale for prama is referred to as pramana, acting as a tool to achieve knowledge.
Concepts of Pramana
- Key concepts include:
- Upalabdhi: Recognition or perception.
- Sadhana: The method or means of attaining knowledge.
- Jnana: Actual knowledge gained.
- Parikshya: Examination or analysis before accepting knowledge as true.
- Pramanayam: Assessment of validity in knowledge.
Role of Pariksha
- Pariksha entails examining and analyzing knowledge, establishing its truthfulness.
- It is integral in validating prama and shaping pramana.
Aihika & Paralaukika Principles
- Understanding aihika (empirical) and paralaukika (transcendental) principles necessitates knowledge of pramana.
Categories of Jnana
- Jnana is categorized based on shared characteristics (commonality) and unique features (specificity):
- Nirvikalpa: Definitive knowledge derived from general appearance.
- Savikalpam: Distinct knowledge that reflects variability and specifics in perception.
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