Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why the presence of polycystic ovaries is unnecessary for diagnosing PCOS?

  • PCOS symptoms can occur without the presence of polycystic ovaries.
  • Some normal women without PCOS also have polycystic ovaries. (correct)
  • Women with PCOS do not always have polycystic ovaries.
  • Polycystic ovaries are not related to the hormonal imbalance seen in PCOS.

    • What makes diagnosing PCOS challenging and necessitates ruling out other disorders?

  • The complexity and multi-factorial nature of PCOS. (correct)
  • The hormonal imbalance in women with PCOS.
  • The exclusion of thyroid dysfunction or prolactinoma.
  • The genetic predisposition to PCOS.

    • How does insulin resistance contribute to the symptoms seen in women with PCOS?

  • Insulin resistance leads to abnormal estrogen production.
  • Insulin resistance is linked to weight loss in women with PCOS.
  • Insulin resistance directly causes polycystic ovaries.
  • Insulin resistance increases androgen secretion from the ovaries. (correct)

    • What role does abnormal regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) play in PCOS?

    <p>It results in increased LH secretion from the pituitary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is insulin resistance often associated with weight gain and severity of hirsutism in women with PCOS?

    <p>Insulin resistance inhibits sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the pathogenesis of PCOS described in terms of its involvement of genetic, environmental, and dietary factors?

    <p>PCOS is multi-factorial, involving genetics, environment, and diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three key diagnostic features used to confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

    <p>Oligo- and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the subjective nature of diagnosing PCOS?

    <p>Lack of definitive diagnostic tests, variability among affected individuals, and clinician thoroughness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered one of the defining features of PCOS according to the text?

    <p>High levels of androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criteria added androgen excess to the diagnostic criteria for PCOS?

    <p>Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor contributing to the difficulty in diagnosing PCOS?

    <p>Variability in clinical symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion is considered to have better validity for diagnosing PCOS in adolescents?

    <p>KIDSCORE project criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the risks associated with PCOS beyond reproductive years according to the text?

    <p>Increased risk for cardiovascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criterion is used to estimate PCOS prevalence?

    <p>(NIH) National Institute of Health criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did a study find regarding the prevalence of PCOS among premenopausal African-American women?

    <p>4.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do future epidemiological studies aim to clarify about PCOS?

    <p>The diagnostic criteria for PCOS</p> Signup and view all the answers

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