Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why the presence of polycystic ovaries is unnecessary for diagnosing PCOS?

  • PCOS symptoms can occur without the presence of polycystic ovaries.
  • Some normal women without PCOS also have polycystic ovaries. (correct)
  • Women with PCOS do not always have polycystic ovaries.
  • Polycystic ovaries are not related to the hormonal imbalance seen in PCOS.

What makes diagnosing PCOS challenging and necessitates ruling out other disorders?

  • The complexity and multi-factorial nature of PCOS. (correct)
  • The hormonal imbalance in women with PCOS.
  • The exclusion of thyroid dysfunction or prolactinoma.
  • The genetic predisposition to PCOS.

How does insulin resistance contribute to the symptoms seen in women with PCOS?

  • Insulin resistance leads to abnormal estrogen production.
  • Insulin resistance is linked to weight loss in women with PCOS.
  • Insulin resistance directly causes polycystic ovaries.
  • Insulin resistance increases androgen secretion from the ovaries. (correct)

What role does abnormal regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) play in PCOS?

<p>It results in increased LH secretion from the pituitary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is insulin resistance often associated with weight gain and severity of hirsutism in women with PCOS?

<p>Insulin resistance inhibits sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the pathogenesis of PCOS described in terms of its involvement of genetic, environmental, and dietary factors?

<p>PCOS is multi-factorial, involving genetics, environment, and diet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three key diagnostic features used to confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

<p>Oligo- and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the subjective nature of diagnosing PCOS?

<p>Lack of definitive diagnostic tests, variability among affected individuals, and clinician thoroughness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered one of the defining features of PCOS according to the text?

<p>High levels of androgens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criteria added androgen excess to the diagnostic criteria for PCOS?

<p>Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor contributing to the difficulty in diagnosing PCOS?

<p>Variability in clinical symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion is considered to have better validity for diagnosing PCOS in adolescents?

<p>KIDSCORE project criteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the risks associated with PCOS beyond reproductive years according to the text?

<p>Increased risk for cardiovascular disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criterion is used to estimate PCOS prevalence?

<p>(NIH) National Institute of Health criteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did a study find regarding the prevalence of PCOS among premenopausal African-American women?

<p>4.8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do future epidemiological studies aim to clarify about PCOS?

<p>The diagnostic criteria for PCOS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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