Understanding Persuasion in Everyday Life - Lecture 2
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a key stakeholder in a decision-making process?

  • Observers (correct)
  • Influencers
  • Decision makers
  • Gatekeepers

Understanding the beliefs and values of your audience can enhance your persuasion strategy.

True (A)

What is the role of gatekeepers in a decision-making process?

Gatekeepers control information flow and access to key stakeholders.

Persuasion is more effective when it considers the audience's __________ and __________.

<p>beliefs, values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Decision makers = People who approve or reject ideas Influencers = Those who provide advice and information Gatekeepers = Control the flow of information Attitudes = Existing beliefs towards the persuader</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect to consider when persuading an audience?

<p>The level of motivation of the audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Social validation methods involve understanding and addressing the unique perspectives of individuals.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to know your audience's strengths and weaknesses in persuasion?

<p>It helps tailor the persuasion message to align with their capabilities and limitations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to distinguish your target audience from competitors?

<p>Audience Segmentation (A), Referral Programs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Law of Expectations suggests that individuals will meet the expectations set by themselves and others.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Law of Esteem in persuasion?

<p>To make people feel valued and respected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

People labeled as a __________ tend to act according to that label and engage in behaviors associated with it.

<p>charitarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the persuasion technique with its description:

<p>Transparent Donation Box = Encourages charitable behavior through visibility Sincere Praise = Boosts self-esteem and promotes certain behaviors Audience Segmentation = Helps target a specific group effectively Social Labeling = Assigning a role that influences actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies the Law of Esteem?

<p>Complimenting someone on their unique ability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using a transparent donation box is an effective method to enhance social validation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the self-fulfilling prophecy have on student performance?

<p>It encourages students to meet the expectations set for them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of persuading a smoker to quit smoking?

<p>To create a feeling of cognitive dissonance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive dissonance can lead to an alteration in attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one reason why smokers may not quit smoking despite knowing its harmful effects.

<p>Smoking helps them relax.</p> Signup and view all the answers

High involvement decisions generally lead to more __________ processing of information.

<p>engaged</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reasons smokers give for continuing to smoke with their implications:

<p>Too hard to quit = Belief that quitting is unattainable Smoking relaxes me = Need for stress relief I've already cut down = Feeling of safety at a 'safer' level Already 70, so why quit? = Perceived lack of health benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which persuasion technique is crucial for overcoming pre-existing attitudes in an audience?

<p>Arousing cognitive dissonance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Attitudes always determine behavior in audience persuasion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a persuader consider when addressing an audience?

<p>The importance of the topic/issue to the audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Understanding Audiences for Persuasion

Knowing your audience's needs, beliefs, and motivations is crucial for effective persuasion tactics.

Key Stakeholders

Individuals who have significant influence on a decision or approval.

Stakeholder Attitudes

Existing beliefs and feelings of stakeholders towards the matter under discussion or about you.

Persuasion Tactics

Strategies to influence someone's beliefs or actions.

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Influencers

People that advise and influence key stakeholders during the decision-making process.

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Decision Makers

Individuals who make final decisions about a topic.

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Gatekeepers

Those who control access and information flow, often to key decision-makers.

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Attitudes toward the Persuader

The feelings stakeholders hold towards the individual trying to persuade them.

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Employing professional audience members

Engaging people related to your target audience (e.g., Facebook marketing, referrals) to actively participate in a positive way, like clapping, donating, or queuing.

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Law of Expectations

When someone expects something from you, you’re likely to meet those expectations to earn respect and likeability.

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Social Labeling

If people perceive you as having certain qualities (e.g., charitable), they may subconsciously encourage those behaviors in you.

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Law of Esteem

People appreciate feeling valued and respected. Validate their efforts and contributions through sincere compliments.

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Sincere Praise

Giving genuine praise that boosts someone's self-esteem, as it is often more effective to praise specific actions rather than the person as a whole.

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Making Others Feel Important

Show care and create a personal connection (e.g., shaking hands, eye contact) to emphasize the importance of their support.

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Persuasion Strategy

Persuasion is a planned approach, not accidental. Scammers use persuasion techniques strategically.

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Separate Target from Opponents

Identify and target the desired audience, and minimize the impact of competitors or people opposing your message within the selected target groups.

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Cognitive Dissonance

A feeling of mental discomfort caused by conflicting attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. Individuals try to reduce this discomfort.

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Persuasion and Behavior Change

Using cognitive dissonance to influence attitudes or behaviors. Aiming to bring about a change in a person's actions or mindset.

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Existing Attitudes and Behaviors

Current thoughts and actions before persuasion attempt.

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New Attitudes and Behaviors

Thoughts and actions after persuasion attempt.

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Smoking and Motivation

Smokers have reasons (stress relief, work efficiency) that make quitting difficult, even if they know it's bad.

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Attitude vs. Behavior

While attitudes are linked, they don't always predict behaviors. Other factors influence actions.

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Audience Motivation

Interest in the topic. Highly motivated audiences will care more and process information better.

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High/Low Involvement Decisions

Describes how important a decision is. Quitting smoking is a High Involvement decision.

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Study Notes

Understanding Persuasion in Everyday Life - Lecture 2: Audience Analysis

  • Audience analysis is crucial for effective persuasion. Knowing your audience is essential before attempting to persuade them.
  • Online romance scams are a significant issue. Financial losses from 2016 to 2020 more than quadrupled.
  • Reported online romance scam cases nearly tripled from 2016-2020.
  • Hong Kong police have made arrests related to online fraud, with significant lost financial amounts, including love scams reported in millions of Hong Kong dollars.
  • Scammers use bogus online job ads to defraud large numbers of Hongkongers.
  • Scammers utilize fake investment platforms to steal large sums from Hong Kong residents.
  • Email scams target various entities, including a Germany-based tech company's Hong Kong branch.
  • Persuasion is a strategy, not an accident or coincidence. Scam strategies are planned.

Key Elements of Persuasion in Scams

  • Scammers understand people and what motivates them. They target desires and anxieties.
  • Scammers know how to build trust and exploit emotions.
  • Tactics include carefully planned strategies and well-organized support.

Laws of Persuasion

  • Law of Connectivity: The more connection, likeness, or attraction, the more persuasive. Creating commonality is key.
  • Law of Involvement: Getting the target mentally and physically involved makes persuasion more effective.
  • Law of Social Validation: People validate actions by others' actions.
  • Law of Expectations: Meeting expectations fosters respect and likeability.
  • Law of Esteem: Being valued and respected influences behavior and actions.

Understanding Audiences - Key Stakeholders

  • Decision-makers, influencers, and gatekeepers are key players needed in persuasion situations. These individuals' opinions, desires & reactions have a large impact on final decisions. Identifying them are key to persuasion
  • High school students choosing their major is an example of a decision involving many stakeholders, not simply the prospective student.

Audience Attitudes

  • People have unique experiences which impact their perceptions.
  • Attitudes toward a persuader can be positive, negative, or neutral.
  • Selective distortion occurs when people interpret information to align with existing beliefs. This is a natural defence mechanism.

Attitudes Toward the Topic

  • Preconceived notions make attitude change challenging.
  • Persuasion is more effective when aligning with existing ideas or values.
  • Factors like motivation, knowledge, and perceived importance of the topic impact how an audience processes and reacts to persuasive messages.

Motivation and Ability to Process Information

  • Central route processing (involves deeper thinking & scrutiny) is more successful with highly motivated and knowledgeable audiences.
  • Peripheral route processing (uses cues and other factors impacting the decision) is more effective with less motivated or knowledgeable audiences.
  • Motivated and capable audiences process the argument and value of the message carefully.

Cognitive Dissonance

  • Cognitive dissonance occurs when conflicting attitudes and behaviors cause discomfort.
  • People are motivated to resolve dissonance to restore balance. This is often used in persuasion plans.
  • Persuaders can use this to their advantage.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the importance of audience analysis in effective persuasion, particularly in the context of online scams. It discusses the rise of romance scams, fraudulent job ads, and fake investment platforms, highlighting the strategies used by scammers to manipulate their targets. Understanding these tactics can enhance one's persuasive skills while safeguarding against fraud.

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