CH 5: Genetic lineages/pedigrees

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Individuals expressing a recessive trait are typically ___.

Homozygous dominant

Homozygous recessive (correct)

Heterozygous

Carriers

If a trait shows up in every generation, it is likely to be ___.

Sex-linked

Dominant (correct)

Autosomal

Recessive

In a pedigree, males are more frequently affected by a sex-linked trait because they have___.

One Y chromosome

Two X chromosomes

Only one X chromosome (correct)

No Y chromosome

What is the genotype of individuals with dimples according to the text?

Heterozygous (Dd) Signup and view all the answers

When interpreting a pedigree, it's crucial to consider all possible ___ to narrow down possibilities.

Genotypes Signup and view all the answers

What do squares represent in pedigree diagrams?

Males Signup and view all the answers

How are mating pairs represented in a pedigree diagram?

By a horizontal line Signup and view all the answers

What do shaded symbols typically represent in pedigree diagrams?

Individuals expressing a trait Signup and view all the answers

How can one differentiate between affected males and females in sex-linked traits on a pedigree diagram?

By special symbols or shading patterns Signup and view all the answers

What can be deduced about a trait if it is expressed even if only one copy of the allele is present?

It is a dominant trait Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely genotype of individuals expressing a recessive trait?

Homozygous recessive Signup and view all the answers

Why are males more frequently affected by sex-linked traits in pedigrees?

They have one X chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree, how can carriers of a recessive trait be identified?

By not expressing the trait but having offspring that do Signup and view all the answers

When interpreting a pedigree, what is essential to consider to narrow down genotype possibilities?

All possible genotypes Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely genotype of individuals not expressing a dominant trait?

Homozygous recessive Signup and view all the answers

Why do parents who do not express a recessive trait but have an affected child both must be carriers?

Due to being heterozygous Signup and view all the answers

In a color-blindness pedigree, why are males more frequently affected by the trait?

Due to having only one X chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What do shaded symbols typically represent in pedigree diagrams?

Individuals expressing a particular trait Signup and view all the answers

In pedigree diagrams, what do squares represent?

Males Signup and view all the answers

How are mating pairs represented in a pedigree diagram?

By a vertical line leading downwards from a square to a circle Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using squares and circles in pedigree diagrams?

To quickly identify the sex of individuals Signup and view all the answers

If a trait is expressed only when two copies of the allele are present, it is likely to be ___?

Recessive Signup and view all the answers

What does a vertical line leading downwards to other symbols represent in pedigree diagrams?

Offspring Signup and view all the answers

In sex-linked traits on pedigree diagrams, how are affected males represented?

With specific symbols or shading patterns Signup and view all the answers

What can be deduced about a trait if it is expressed even if only one copy of the allele is present?

It is likely dominant Signup and view all the answers

Which individuals do unshaded symbols represent in pedigree diagrams?

Those not expressing the trait Signup and view all the answers

How can one differentiate between affected males and females in sex-linked traits on pedigree diagrams?

By using specific symbols or shading patterns for affected males and females Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about a trait if it is only expressed in individuals with two copies of the allele present?

The trait is likely recessive. Signup and view all the answers

Why do pedigree diagrams use shading to represent individuals with a particular trait?

To highlight affected individuals. Signup and view all the answers

If a pedigree diagram shows a trait appearing in every generation, what type of inheritance pattern is most likely at play?

Autosomal dominant Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree diagram, how are affected females with a sex-linked trait typically represented?

With special symbols or shading patterns. Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of vertical lines leading downwards to other symbols indicate in a pedigree diagram?

The presence of a particular trait. Signup and view all the answers

If a recessive trait is observed in an individual, what can be concluded about the parents?

Both parents are carriers of the trait. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using squares to represent males and circles to represent females in pedigree diagrams?

To identify the sex of individuals quickly. Signup and view all the answers

How can one differentiate between affected and unaffected individuals in pedigree diagrams?

By examining symbols for shading. Signup and view all the answers

What does it suggest if a trait is observed in multiple generations but skips some generations in a pedigree diagram?

The trait is likely recessive. Signup and view all the answers

How can one determine if a specific trait on a pedigree diagram is sex-linked?

By analyzing the shading patterns on symbols. Signup and view all the answers

If a trait shows up in every generation, what is the most likely genotype of the individuals expressing the trait?

Homozygous dominant Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree, how can homozygous recessive individuals for a dominant trait be identified?

By having affected offspring Signup and view all the answers

When analyzing a pedigree, what is a likely genotype of individuals who do not express a recessive trait?

Carrier Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree diagram, what do unshaded symbols typically represent?

Individuals without the trait of interest Signup and view all the answers

For a dominant trait, which genotype would individuals not expressing the trait most likely have?

Homozygous recessive Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree, how can carriers of a recessive trait be identified?

By not expressing the trait themselves Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible genotype of individuals with dimples according to the text?

Heterozygous dominant Signup and view all the answers

Why are males more frequently affected by sex-linked traits in pedigrees?

Because they carry two copies of the X chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

In a pedigree diagram, what do squares typically represent?

Affected males. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to consider whether a trait is autosomal or sex-linked when interpreting a pedigree?

To determine if the trait is dominant or recessive. Signup and view all the answers

CH 5: Genetic lineages/pedigrees

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Questions and Answers

Individuals expressing a recessive trait are typically ___.

If a trait shows up in every generation, it is likely to be ___.

In a pedigree, males are more frequently affected by a sex-linked trait because they have___.

What is the genotype of individuals with dimples according to the text?

When interpreting a pedigree, it's crucial to consider all possible ___ to narrow down possibilities.

What do squares represent in pedigree diagrams?

How are mating pairs represented in a pedigree diagram?

What do shaded symbols typically represent in pedigree diagrams?

How can one differentiate between affected males and females in sex-linked traits on a pedigree diagram?

What can be deduced about a trait if it is expressed even if only one copy of the allele is present?

What is the likely genotype of individuals expressing a recessive trait?

Why are males more frequently affected by sex-linked traits in pedigrees?

In a pedigree, how can carriers of a recessive trait be identified?

When interpreting a pedigree, what is essential to consider to narrow down genotype possibilities?

What is the likely genotype of individuals not expressing a dominant trait?

Why do parents who do not express a recessive trait but have an affected child both must be carriers?

In a color-blindness pedigree, why are males more frequently affected by the trait?

What do shaded symbols typically represent in pedigree diagrams?

In pedigree diagrams, what do squares represent?

How are mating pairs represented in a pedigree diagram?

What is the significance of using squares and circles in pedigree diagrams?

If a trait is expressed only when two copies of the allele are present, it is likely to be ___?

What does a vertical line leading downwards to other symbols represent in pedigree diagrams?

In sex-linked traits on pedigree diagrams, how are affected males represented?

What can be deduced about a trait if it is expressed even if only one copy of the allele is present?

Which individuals do unshaded symbols represent in pedigree diagrams?

How can one differentiate between affected males and females in sex-linked traits on pedigree diagrams?

What can be inferred about a trait if it is only expressed in individuals with two copies of the allele present?

Why do pedigree diagrams use shading to represent individuals with a particular trait?

If a pedigree diagram shows a trait appearing in every generation, what type of inheritance pattern is most likely at play?

In a pedigree diagram, how are affected females with a sex-linked trait typically represented?

What does the presence of vertical lines leading downwards to other symbols indicate in a pedigree diagram?

If a recessive trait is observed in an individual, what can be concluded about the parents?

What is the significance of using squares to represent males and circles to represent females in pedigree diagrams?

How can one differentiate between affected and unaffected individuals in pedigree diagrams?

What does it suggest if a trait is observed in multiple generations but skips some generations in a pedigree diagram?

How can one determine if a specific trait on a pedigree diagram is sex-linked?

If a trait shows up in every generation, what is the most likely genotype of the individuals expressing the trait?

In a pedigree, how can homozygous recessive individuals for a dominant trait be identified?

When analyzing a pedigree, what is a likely genotype of individuals who do not express a recessive trait?

In a pedigree diagram, what do unshaded symbols typically represent?

For a dominant trait, which genotype would individuals not expressing the trait most likely have?

In a pedigree, how can carriers of a recessive trait be identified?

What is the possible genotype of individuals with dimples according to the text?

Why are males more frequently affected by sex-linked traits in pedigrees?

In a pedigree diagram, what do squares typically represent?

Why is it crucial to consider whether a trait is autosomal or sex-linked when interpreting a pedigree?

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