Understanding Nutrients in Food

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What is the main function of the acini in the pancreas?

Break down lipids

Secrete insulin and glucagon

Produce pancreatic juices (correct)

Neutralize acidic chyme

Which component of pancreatic juice helps neutralize the acidic chyme?

Lipases

Amylase

Proteases

HCO3− (correct)

What is the function of secretin in the regulation of bile and pancreatic secretions?

Break down carbohydrates

Stimulate gallbladder to release bile

Neutralize acidic chyme (correct)

Produce pancreatic juice

Which pancreatic function involves the secretion of insulin and glucagon?

Endocrine function Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?

Cholecystokinin (CCK) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of pancreatic juice breaks down nucleic acids?

Nucleases Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament separates the larger right lobe from the smaller left lobe of the liver?

Falciform ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the remnant of the fetal umbilical vein along the free edge of the falciform ligament called?

Round ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which structure anchors the liver to the stomach?

Lesser omentum Signup and view all the answers

What does the common bile duct carry?

Bile from the gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What are the structural and functional units of the liver that are composed of hepatocytes?

Liver lobules Signup and view all the answers

What does each portal triad in a liver lobule contain?

Branch of hepatic artery, branch of hepatic portal vein, and bile duct Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a macronutrient?

Vitamins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary dietary source of carbohydrates?

Vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What nutrient must be eaten because the body cannot synthesize it from other nutrients?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient provides roughage and is found in cellulose in vegetables?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy value of foods typically measured in?

Calories Signup and view all the answers

Where is pectin, a type of soluble fiber, commonly found?

Apples and citrus fruits Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamins are known as antioxidants that neutralize free radicals?

Vitamins C, E, and A Signup and view all the answers

What may happen if mega doses of vitamins are consumed?

Possible serious health problems Signup and view all the answers

Which minerals are required in moderate amounts in the body?

Calcium, phosphorus, and potassium Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of anabolism in metabolism?

Synthesis of large molecules from small ones Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is essential for oxygen binding to hemoglobin?

Iron Signup and view all the answers

What are broccoli, cauliflower, and brussel sprouts good sources of?

Vitamin C and E Signup and view all the answers

What is the major hormone that controls Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

Thyroxine Signup and view all the answers

How is Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measured?

After a 12-hour fast, in a reclining position Signup and view all the answers

How does age influence Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

Decreases with age Signup and view all the answers

What effect does body temperature have on Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

Increases BMR with higher temperature Signup and view all the answers

How does stress impact Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

Increases BMR Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors disproportionately affects Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) between males and females?

Gender Signup and view all the answers