36 Questions
What is the primary way hormones are transported to target cells?
Through the bloodstream
What is the function of the receptors on target cells?
To bind to hormones
Which glands have only endocrine functions?
Pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid
What is the role of the nervous system in relation to the endocrine system?
To release neurotransmitters
How do hormones affect target cells?
By binding to specific receptors
What is the characteristic of exocrine glands?
They secrete products into ducts
Which type of hormone binds to receptors within target cells?
Lipid-Soluble Hormones
Which gland is responsible for secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the release of hormones by the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
What is the main function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Increase calcium levels in the blood
What is the result of hypothyroidism in adults?
Myxedema
Which type of hormone is derived from cholesterol?
Steroid Hormones
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating protein synthesis?
Thyroid hormone
What is the function of the posterior pituitary gland?
Releases hormones made by the hypothalamus
What is the term for the process by which hormone regulation is achieved?
Negative feedback
Which hormone is responsible for maintaining normal body temperature?
Thyroid hormone
What is the result of hyperthyroidism?
Weight loss
What is the primary function of calcitonin in the body?
To decrease blood calcium levels
What type of hormones does the adrenal cortex produce?
Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens
What is the function of the pancreatic islets?
To regulate blood sugar levels
What is the primary function of insulin in the body?
To decrease blood glucose levels
What is the function of relaxin during pregnancy?
To increase flexibility of the pubic symphysis
What is the function of inhibin in the body?
To inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Lipid soluble hormones?
Steroid, thyroid, nitric oxide
Water soluble hormones?
Amine, Peptide and protein, eicosanoid
What is master of pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary gland called? Posterior?
Adenohypophysis Neurohypophysis
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland produces?
hGH TSH FSH (follicle) LH (luteinizing) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic) MSH (Melanocyte Stimulating)
Posterior lobe of pituitary gland produces?
ADH and oxytocin
What are follicle stimulating hormones stimulated by? and they produce?
TSH and they produce T4 and T3
Parafollicular cells from thyroid gland secrete?
Calcitonin
Patathyroid hormone is released from what gland and does what?
Released from parathyroid hormone and increases calcium in blood
Adrenal cortex secretes?
Steroid hormones (outer=aldosterone (mineralocorticoids), Middle=cortisone and corticosterone (glucocorticoids), Inner=androgens
Adrenal medulla secretes?
Has chromaffin cells that secrete epinephrine or adrenaline and norepinephrine or noreadrenaline
Islets of langerhans come from what organ?
Pancreas
Pancreas has alpha and beta cells, what does each secrete?
Alpha=glucagon (raises glucose) Beta=Insulin (lowers glucose)
Inhibin does what?
Inhibits secretion of FSH (remember bc INHIBIN=INHIBITS)
Test your knowledge on how the nervous and endocrine systems work together to control the body's functions. Learn about the differences between neurotransmitters and hormones, and how they bind to receptors on target cells. This quiz covers the basics of exocrine glands and their functions.
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