Lecture 10 Endocrine system - A+P2
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary way hormones are transported to target cells?

  • Through the lymphatic system
  • Through the nervous system
  • Through the interstitial fluid
  • Through the bloodstream (correct)

    • What is the function of the receptors on target cells?

  • To stimulate the nervous system
  • To break down hormones
  • To bind to hormones (correct)
  • To produce hormones

    • Which glands have only endocrine functions?

  • Pancreas, ovaries, and testes
  • Pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid (correct)
  • Kidneys, stomach, and liver
  • Hypothalamus, thymus, and pancreas

    • What is the role of the nervous system in relation to the endocrine system?

    <p>To release neurotransmitters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hormones affect target cells?

    <p>By binding to specific receptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of exocrine glands?

    <p>They secrete products into ducts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormone binds to receptors within target cells?

    <p>Lipid-Soluble Hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is responsible for secreting releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the release of hormones by the pituitary gland?

    <p>Hypothalamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

    <p>Increase calcium levels in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of hypothyroidism in adults?

    <p>Myxedema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormone is derived from cholesterol?

    <p>Steroid Hormones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating protein synthesis?

    <p>Thyroid hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the posterior pituitary gland?

    <p>Releases hormones made by the hypothalamus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which hormone regulation is achieved?

    <p>Negative feedback (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for maintaining normal body temperature?

    <p>Thyroid hormone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Weight loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcitonin in the body?

    <p>To decrease blood calcium levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hormones does the adrenal cortex produce?

    <p>Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pancreatic islets?

    <p>To regulate blood sugar levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin in the body?

    <p>To decrease blood glucose levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of relaxin during pregnancy?

    <p>To increase flexibility of the pubic symphysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of inhibin in the body?

    <p>To inhibit the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lipid soluble hormones?

    <p>Steroid, thyroid, nitric oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water soluble hormones?

    <p>Amine, Peptide and protein, eicosanoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is master of pituitary gland?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anterior pituitary gland called? Posterior?

    <p>Adenohypophysis Neurohypophysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anterior lobe of pituitary gland produces?

    <p>hGH TSH FSH (follicle) LH (luteinizing) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic) MSH (Melanocyte Stimulating)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Posterior lobe of pituitary gland produces?

    <p>ADH and oxytocin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are follicle stimulating hormones stimulated by? and they produce?

    <p>TSH and they produce T4 and T3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parafollicular cells from thyroid gland secrete?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patathyroid hormone is released from what gland and does what?

    <p>Released from parathyroid hormone and increases calcium in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adrenal cortex secretes?

    <p>Steroid hormones (outer=aldosterone (mineralocorticoids), Middle=cortisone and corticosterone (glucocorticoids), Inner=androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adrenal medulla secretes?

    <p>Has chromaffin cells that secrete epinephrine or adrenaline and norepinephrine or noreadrenaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Islets of langerhans come from what organ?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pancreas has alpha and beta cells, what does each secrete?

    <p>Alpha=glucagon (raises glucose) Beta=Insulin (lowers glucose)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inhibin does what?

    <p>Inhibits secretion of FSH (remember bc INHIBIN=INHIBITS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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