Understanding Natural Selection and Phenomena

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of choosing a null hypothesis in the context of the common garden experiment mentioned?

  • To confirm that environmental conditions directly cause color contrasts in Biston betularia moths.
  • To predict that moths from light and dark populations reared in polluted conditions will have similar pigmentation. (correct)
  • To determine if the offspring of moths from polluted environments will be lightly pigmented.
  • To test whether contrasting populations from different habitats maintain their characteristics in a common environment.

In a common garden experiment, what does the outcome of contrasting wing colors being maintained reveal about Biston betularia moths?

  • The color of the offspring is determined solely by the color of their parents.
  • Offspring from polluted environments inherit light pigmentation.
  • Contrasting characteristics from different habitats are retained despite the common environment. (correct)
  • The color contrasts are directly caused by environmental conditions.

After rejecting the initial null hypothesis, what is the alternative hypothesis tested regarding pigmentation in Biston betularia?

  • Pigmentation is not influenced by genetic inheritance.
  • Pigmentation can be altered through selective breeding.
  • Pigmentation is a genetic trait in Biston betularia moths. (correct)
  • Pigmentation is solely determined by environmental factors.

What genetic methodology is mentioned in the text as being used to study the inheritance of pigmentation in Biston betularia?

<p>Gregor Mendel's genetic methodology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the common garden experiment, what can be concluded about the inheritance of pigmentation in Biston betularia offspring?

<p>Lightly pigmented offspring will inherit the pigmentation of their parents. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was it necessary to perform a common garden experiment with Biston betularia moths?

<p>To observe if contrasting populations retain their characteristics under common conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a null hypothesis in scientific experiments like the one mentioned in the text?

<p>To serve as a baseline for comparison with the experimental results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant implication of rejecting the initial null hypothesis in this experiment?

<p>A new hypothesis must be formulated and tested. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of genetic inheritance relate to the findings of the common garden experiment with Biston betularia?

<p>Offspring inherited wing coloration patterns from their parents genetically. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the mention of Gregor Mendel indicate about the study of pigmentation in Biston betularia?

<p>Mendel's genetic methodology was critical in understanding pigmentation inheritance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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