Understanding Natural Resources
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Questions and Answers

What defines sustainable fishing practices?

  • Practices that ensure fish populations remain healthy (correct)
  • Fishing methods that decrease biodiversity
  • Techniques that focus solely on profit
  • Methods that harm fish populations

    • Which harvesting method is considered more environmentally friendly?

  • Selective Cut
  • Shelterwood Cut (correct)
  • Clear Cut
  • Strip Cut

    • Which type of lumber comes from deciduous trees?

  • Softwood lumber
  • Pulp lumber
  • Hardwood lumber (correct)
  • Timber lumber

    • What is a primary disadvantage of the clear cut harvesting method?

    <p>It negatively impacts ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of pulp in forestry products?

    <p>Ground wood for paper production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many people approximately work in Canada's forestry industry?

    <p>200,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of forest product is unprocessed wood used for construction?

    <p>Timber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tree harvesting method only targets mature or defective trees?

    <p>Selective Cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of using wind energy?

    <p>It has low operating costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of geothermal energy?

    <p>It can lead to surface instability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines sustainability?

    <p>Using resources in a way that ensures their availability for future generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential impact of wind energy on wildlife?

    <p>It poses threats to avian creatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does weather affect wind energy production?

    <p>Less wind can reduce power outputs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue is related to the 'Tragedy of the Commons'?

    <p>Balancing the needs of individual users versus community sustainability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason geothermal energy can be considered expensive?

    <p>Initial setup and facility costs can be high.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ice accumulation on wind energy equipment?

    <p>It can cause equipment failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

    <p>Fish stocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of industry involves taking raw materials from the environment?

    <p>Primary Industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes flow resources?

    <p>They must be used immediately when available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which resource example represents the category of non-renewable resources?

    <p>Coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a characteristic of tertiary industries?

    <p>They involve manufacturing processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of resource cannot be classified as renewable, non-renewable, or flow?

    <p>Aurora Borealis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes quaternary industries?

    <p>They are centered around knowledge and information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a secondary industry?

    <p>Building cars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the 1992 Moratorium on cod fishing?

    <p>To increase cod population and support recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of fishing is considered sustainable?

    <p>Long-lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant environmental impact of bottom trawling?

    <p>Depletion of ocean life populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is classified as a groundfish?

    <p>Cod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bycatch in the context of fishing?

    <p>Fish species inadvertently caught during fishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which seafood is not categorized as shellfish?

    <p>Haddock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic change occurred as a result of the 1992 Moratorium?

    <p>Diversification into other industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method used in aquaculture?

    <p>Kelp farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a non-metallic mineral?

    <p>Gypsum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mining method is generally considered the cheapest?

    <p>Strip mining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The majority of Canada's diamonds are found predominantly in which region?

    <p>Northwest Territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fracking is considered controversial mainly because of its potential impact on what?

    <p>Freshwater resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of structural minerals?

    <p>They are used in construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of trees?

    <p>Deciduous and Coniferous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of mining is regarded as the most expensive?

    <p>Underground mining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of hydropower?

    <p>Damages ecosystems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of fracking mentioned in the content?

    <p>Occurrence of small seismic movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which renewable energy source is described as a fuel derived from organic matter?

    <p>Biomass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is consumerism primarily about?

    <p>The desire for goods and services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common advantage of solar energy?

    <p>Very low maintenance costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage associated with biomass energy?

    <p>Can emit greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which renewable energy source has the potential for methane emissions during construction?

    <p>Hydropower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might wind energy not be suitable for certain locations?

    <p>Dependent on consistent wind patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major drawback of solar panels over time?

    <p>They can become less efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Renewable Resources

    • Renewable resources can be replenished if used carefully, at a rate slower than replenishment.
    • Examples include fish stocks, forests, livestock, biomass, water, and crops.

    Non-Renewable Resources

    • Non-renewable resources cannot be replaced if used up.
    • They are finite resources that take millions of years to replenish.
    • Examples include fossil fuels, oil, natural gas, and coal.

    Flow Resources

    • Flow resources are constantly produced by nature.
    • They must be used where and when they occur, or they are lost.
    • Human activity cannot damage their supply.
    • Examples include wind and sunlight.

    Other Resources

    • Other resources cannot be classified as renewable, non-renewable, or flow.
    • They can be considered tourist attractions.
    • Examples include the aurora borealis.

    Natural Resources

    • A naturally formed substance used to produce goods and services for consumer use and trade.
    • Not made by humans.

    Types of Resources

    • Renewable: forests, livestock, biomass, water, fish stock, crops
    • Non-renewable: fossil fuels, oil, natural gas, coal
    • Flow: wind, sunlight
    • Other: Aurora Borealis

    Industries

    Primary Industries

    • Extractive industries that take/extract raw materials from the environment.
    • Examples include mining, agriculture, forestry, and fishing.

    Secondary Industries

    • Manufacturing and construction industries that assemble raw materials into products.
    • Examples include building cars, electronics, and flow mills.

    Tertiary Industries

    • Service industries that support primary and secondary industries.
    • Examples include: retail, transportation, entertainment, restaurants, and travel agents.

    Quaternary Industries

    • Knowledge-based industries that create, interpret, organize, and transmit information.
    • Examples include academic research, software development, finance, and statistics.

    1992 Moratorium

    • A policy implemented by the Canadian government that prohibited the commercial fishing of cod on the East Coast (Newfoundland and Labrador, July 2, 1992).
    • Implemented in response to declining cod populations due to overfishing and mismanagement.
    • Led to job losses (30,000) and prompted economic diversification towards aquaculture and fossil fuels.

    Bottom Trawling

    • A fishing method that drags large nets across the ocean floor, catching many species.
    • Not a sustainable method; kills all species, ruins ecosystems, rapidly depletes populations.

    Bycatch

    • Species caught unintentionally during bottom trawling.

    Aquaculture

    • Breeding and farming/harvesting seafood in fresh or saltwater environments.

    Long-lining

    • Fishing method with long lines and baited hooks trailed off a boat.
    • Catches target fish without damaging ecosystems.

    Groundfish

    • Fish that live on or near the ocean floor.
    • Examples: Cod, haddock, halibut.

    Shellfish

    • Invertebrates with shells.
    • Examples: Lobster, crab, shrimp, mussels, oysters.

    Kelp

    • A type of seaweed found in oceans, used in aquaculture farms.

    Deciduous Trees

    • Trees with broad leaves that fall off during autumn

    Coniferous Trees

    • Trees with cones and needles that do not fall off.

    Lumber

    • Wood cut into boards (used for construction).

    Timber

    • Unprocessed wood.

    Pulp

    • Wood ground into small fibers, used for paper products.

    Maple Syrup

    • Syrup made from maple tree sap, mainly produced in Quebec, Canada.

    Clear Cut

    • Harvesting all or most trees in an area at once.

    Shelterwood Cut

    • Leaving mature trees standing to provide shade for regeneration

    Strip Cut

    • Removing tree crops in strips or blocks.

    Selective Cut

    • Harvesting mature or defective trees in uneven-aged forests.

    Forest Products

    • Lumber, timber, pulp, sap (maple syrup).

    Forestry Industry in Canada

    • Employing roughly 200,000 people, primarily in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia.

    Forestry Industry Contributions to GDP

    • Contributed $33.4 billion to Canada's GDP in 2016.

    Types of Trees

    • Deciduous (broad leaves that fall off)
    • Coniferous (cones and needles)

    Hydropower

    • Uses dams or diversions to flow water into turbines.
    • Converts kinetic energy into electricity.

    Biomass

    • Organic matter (wood, wood waste, biogas, landfills, municipal waste).
    • Flexible energy source for heating and cooling.

    Solar

    • Converts sunlight into thermal or electric energy through solar panels.
    • Versatile energy source with low maintenance costs, but have expensive upfront costs

    Wind

    • Harnesses wind through turbines; a renewable clean resource.
    • Requires large open areas or areas close to shore.

    Geothermal

    • Uses Earth's heat to generate steam.
    • Used to spin turbines and generate electricity; requires considerable land use, expensive and causes surface instabilities.

    Sustainability

    • Management of resources for future generations
    • Using resources at a rate lower than their replenishment.

    Tragedy of the Commons

    • Individuals benefit from a common resource at the expense of the community/society.

    Water Issues in Canada

    • Indigenous communities lack clean water access in reserves.
    • Water exports are a topic of debate/discussion.

    Pricing Water

    • A method to incentivize conservation and development of water-saving technology.
    • Potential issue of high-water costs in lower income communities

    Mining Methods

    • Strip mining (surface removal), open-pit (funnel shapes for deep extraction), and underground (shafts and drills for deep deposits).

    Mining Minerals

    • Metallic minerals (gold, iron, etc.)
    • Non-metallic minerals (gypsum, potash, etc.)
    • Structural minerals (limestone, clay, etc.)
    • Fuels (coal, oil, etc.)

    Diamond Locations & Discovery

    • Mostly found in Northwest Territories, Canada, due to volcanic activity millions of years ago and subsequent erosion.

    Fracking

    • A controversial method for mining oil and natural gas deposits.
    • Uses water, chemicals, and sand blasted into wells to fracture rock formations.
    • Concerns about water contamination, seismic activity, and potential cancer-causing chemicals.

    Globalization

    • Interconnectedness through trade, information, ideas, and communication.
    • Driven by consumerism and technological development

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    Geography Unit 2 Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Explore the various types of natural resources, including renewable, non-renewable, and flow resources. This quiz covers definitions and examples to enhance your knowledge of how resources are used and classified. Test your understanding of how these resources impact our environment and economy.

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