Understanding Motivation Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What are the three key elements of motivation described in the text?

  • Direction, persistence, orientation
  • Effort, orientation, measure
  • Intensity, effort, measure
  • Intensity, direction, persistence (correct)
  • Which element of motivation is concerned with how hard a person tries?

  • Persistence
  • Effort
  • Intensity (correct)
  • Measure
  • According to expectancy theory, what does the tendency to act in a certain way depend on?

  • The individual's mood and emotions
  • The individual's level of education
  • Expectation of the act being followed by a given outcome and the attractiveness of that outcome (correct)
  • The individual's social status
  • What are the three relationships mentioned in expectancy theory?

    <p>Effort-performance relationship, Performance-reward relationship, Rewards-personal goals relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does expectancy theory help explain why some workers are not motivated?

    <p>It helps identify factors affecting motivation and effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which choice is not one of the six choices employees can make when they perceive an inequity?

    <p>'Increase their efforts'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to McClelland's Theory of Needs, which of the following is a need focused on the desire for friendly, close relationships?

    <p>Need for Affiliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Goal-Setting Theory, what is the impact of specific and difficult goals on performance?

    <p>They increase performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Self-Efficacy Theory, which factor refers to an individual's belief that they can perform a task?

    <p>Enactive mastery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Reinforcement Theory, what conditions behavior?

    <p>Consequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Social Learning Theory, what influences individuals through attentional, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement processes?

    <p>Both observation and direct experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Need for Achievement in McClelland's Theory of Needs relate to?

    <p>Drive to excel and succeed in relation to standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Pearson Education text discusses various motivation theories
    • McClelland's Theory of Needs focuses on three needs: Need for Achievement, Power, and Affiliation
    • Need for Achievement: drive to excel, achieve in relation to standards, strive to succeed
    • Need for Power: need to influence others' behavior, control outcomes
    • Need for Affiliation: desire for friendly, close relationships
    • Goal-Setting Theory: goals tell employees what to do and how much effort is required, specific and difficult goals increase performance, feedback leads to higher performance
    • Three factors influencing goals-performance relationship: goal commitment, task characteristics, and national culture
    • Self-Efficacy Theory: an individual's belief they can perform a task, influenced by enactive mastery, vicarious modeling, verbal persuasion, arousal, and social learning theory
    • Reinforcement Theory: behavior is a function of consequences, reinforcement conditions behavior, behavior is environmentally caused
    • Operant Conditioning Theory: people learn to behave to get rewards or avoid punishments
    • Social Learning Theory: people learn through observation and direct experience, models have influence on individuals through attentional, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement processes.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the key elements of motivation and the processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal. Explore motivation concepts in this quiz.

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