Understanding Learning Disabilities
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a model of disability?

  • Medically focused models
  • Socially focused models
  • Economically focused models (correct)
  • Morally focused models

    • What term describes multiple disorders that may affect the acquisition and understanding of information?

  • Intellectual disabilities
  • Learning challenges
  • Learning disabilities (correct)
  • Cognitive impairments

    • Which model of disability emphasizes that it is a normal part of life?

  • Medically focused model
  • Socially focused model (correct)
  • Morally focused model
  • Cultural model

    • Dyslexia primarily impacts which aspects of learning?

    <p>Language processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model of disability views disabilities as problems that require intervention?

    <p>Medically focused model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of morally focused models of disability?

    <p>Person's bad decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of learning disabilities?

    <p>Difficulty in organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following models embraces disability as a natural part of life?

    <p>Social model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important step to take before the start of a course for students with learning disabilities?

    <p>Choose course materials early and provide accessible formats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should a teacher take at the beginning of the course to support students with learning disabilities?

    <p>Encourage students to share problems and concerns confidentially.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice during class sessions for better understanding?

    <p>Summarize important points at the end of class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can teachers promote a respectful environment among students?

    <p>Insist on professional, civil behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to assist students with learning disabilities during lectures?

    <p>Provide a big picture context for the lecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to provide an organized syllabus at the start of a course?

    <p>To clearly outline expectations, readings, and due dates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be incorporated into instructions for assignments and exams?

    <p>Both verbal and written instructions with reminders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hallmark characteristic of dysgraphia?

    <p>Poor motor planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of difficulties do individuals with dyscalculia face?

    <p>Understanding mathematical concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of auditory processing disorder?

    <p>Inability to follow spoken directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Language processing disorder is primarily characterized by which of the following?

    <p>Difficulty attaching meaning to words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nonverbal learning disabilities are primarily associated with difficulties in which area?

    <p>Decoding social cues and nonverbal behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of dysgraphia?

    <p>Challenges in counting money</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might a person with dyscalculia struggle with?

    <p>Remembering math facts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following issues could indicate auditory processing disorder?

    <p>Problems distinguishing between similar speech sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is related to nonverbal learning disabilities?

    <p>Decoding nonverbal cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge in language processing disorder?

    <p>Expressing thoughts clearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of learning disorders?

    <p>High self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which professional is NOT typically part of a team conducting exams for learning disorders?

    <p>Nutritionist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an Individualized Education Program (IEP) primarily focus on?

    <p>Outlining the special education services needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a classroom accommodation?

    <p>Allowing more time for completing tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of therapy is specifically mentioned as helping with writing problems?

    <p>Occupational therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might a healthcare provider suggest to help with a student’s anxiety?

    <p>Medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about treatment for learning disorders?

    <p>Only medication is effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a complementary and alternative treatment?

    <p>Diet changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach should teachers take in relation to misconceptions about disabilities?

    <p>Avoid making assumptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gadget might be used by students with learning disorders for math problems?

    <p>Calculator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a contributing factor to learning disorders?

    <p>Family history and genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a learning disorder in children?

    <p>Mastering reading skills easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotional impact might contribute to the risk of developing a learning disorder?

    <p>Emotional trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is primarily related to writing and motor skills?

    <p>Dysgraphia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might explain a child's difficulty in filtering different sounds?

    <p>Visual motor deficit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about learning disorders in children?

    <p>All children with learning disorders are low achievers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following could indicate a child has a learning disorder?

    <p>Easily losing schoolbooks or items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which external factor has been linked to an increased risk of learning disorders?

    <p>Exposure to high levels of toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might a child with a learning disorder struggle with when completing homework?

    <p>Understanding the material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All of the following can be symptoms of learning disorders EXCEPT:

    <p>Mastering math skills at an early age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Learning Outcomes

    • Define learning disability
    • Determine different models of learning disability
    • Differentiate between types of learning disability
    • Identify treatment options
    • Apply general tips for teaching a person with a learning disability

    Definition of Learning Disability

    • "Learning Disabilities" refer to several disorders
    • These disorders affect acquisition, organization, retention, understanding, or use of verbal or nonverbal information

    Models of Disability

    • Medically focused models:
      • View disabilities as problems requiring intervention with the goal to cure
      • Require expertise of healthcare professionals
    • Socially focused models:
      • View disability as a different way of being, rather than as a problem
      • Embrace (accept) disability as a normal part of life
    • Morally focused models:
      • View disability as the result of a person's bad decisions or acts of a displeased God

    Activity Zone: Model of disability

    • Social: Embrace disability as a normal part of life
    • Medical: View disabilities as problems requiring intervention
    • Moral: View disability as the result of a person's bad acts

    Common Learning Disorders

    • Dyslexia: A language processing disorder that impacts reading, writing and comprehension
    • Dysgraphia: Difficulty converting thoughts into writing or drawing, characterized by poor handwriting. Sufferers struggle with spelling, grammar, vocabulary, critical thinking, and memory. Difficulty with letter spacing, poor motor planning and spatial awareness, as well as trouble simultaneous thinking/writing are other symptoms.
    • Dyscalculia: Learning disability related to mathematical calculations. Individuals with dyscalculia struggle with math concepts, numbers, and reasoning. Difficulty with reading clocks, counting money, recognizing patterns, remembering math facts, and mental math problems are other symptoms.
    • Auditory Processing Disorder (APD): Difficulty processing sounds, can confuse order of sounds or inability to filter out other sounds (like a teacher's voice vs. background noise)
    • Language Processing Disorder: Inability to find the right words to express thoughts; difficulty attaching meaning to words, sentences, and stories.
    • Nonverbal learning disabilities (NVLD): Difficulty understanding nonverbal behaviors and social cues; struggle with body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice.
    • Visual perceptual/visual motor deficit: Difficulty with hand-eye coordination, navigating surroundings, reading, fine motor tasks; may confuse similar-looking letters.

    Causes of Learning Disorders

    • Family history and genes: Having a blood relative with a learning disorder increases the risk.
    • Risks before/after birth: Poor growth in the uterus, and prenatal exposure to alcohol or drugs, premature birth & low birth weight.
    • Emotional trauma: Stressful experiences or abuse in early childhood may affect brain development.
    • Physical trauma: Head injuries or nervous system illnesses might affect learning disorders.
    • Poisonous substances: Exposure to high levels of toxins like lead.

    Symptoms of Learning Disorders

    • Academic skills problems: Inability to master reading, spelling, writing, or math at expected age/grade levels
    • Difficulty understanding instructions or remembering information.
    • Problems with coordination.
    • Easily losing belongings; difficulties with organization
    • Trouble finishing work (homework/assignments).
    • Emotional issues like anxiety, depression, low self-esteem.
    • The symptoms last for at least six months.

    Seeking Help for Learning Disorders

    • Early treatment is crucial
    • Professionals involved include: psychologist, special education teacher, occupational therapist, social worker/nurse, and speech/language specialist.

    Treatment Options

    • Extra help: Reading specialist, math tutor, or other professionals to help with skills
    • Individualized Education Program (IEP): Written plan for learning goals and special education services.
    • Changes in the classroom (Accommodations): More time for tests/assignments, fewer math problems, seated near teacher, assistive technology tools (calculators, speech-to-text programs, audiobooks), separate, distraction-free rooms
    • Therapy: Occupational therapy for writing problems, speech-language therapy for language skills
    • Medicine: To treat depression, anxiety or ADHD.
    • Complementary and alternative treatments: Diet changes, vitamins, eye exercises, neurofeedback.

    Suggested Tips on Teaching a Person with a Learning Disability

    • Prior to the start of the course: Choose course materials early, provide accessible electronic versions, and provide additional resources (notes, slides, etc.)
    • When the course begins: Encourage students to communicate concerns, diversify assignments (oral presentations, posters, etc.), insist on respectful behaviour, provide information about accessible features, create a well-defined syllabus.
    • While in the session: Put lectures in context, summarize important information, offer both verbal and written instructions, be patient.
    • During the tests, exams, and evaluation: Provide alternatives to traditional tests, provide extra time, and ensure distraction-free testing environment

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    Educating Learners With Disabilities PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concept of learning disabilities, including various models that define and interpret them. It covers the differentiation of types of learning disabilities, treatment options, and effective teaching strategies for individuals with learning disabilities.

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