Understanding Identity and Multiple Intelligences

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Questions and Answers

What are the primary factors that shape the behavior of human groups?

Education and income

Genetics and diet

Culture and tradition

Environment and history (correct)

Which of the following is not considered a factor of identity?

Religion

Casual preferences (correct)

Race

Ethnicity

What does the term Jus Sanguinis refer to?

Legal citizenship by descent (correct)

Citizenship based on economic status

Citizenship based on cultural heritage

Legal citizenship by residence

Which of the following identities focuses on attitudes towards political systems?

Political identity Signup and view all the answers

What does informal deviance refer to?

Violation of societal norms Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anthropology examines the biological development of humans?

Physical anthropology Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes gender from sex?

Cultural and social differences Signup and view all the answers

What term describes individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer?

LGBTQI Signup and view all the answers

What is Linguistic Anthropology primarily concerned with?

The relation between language and culture Signup and view all the answers

Which area of study focuses on patterns of social relationships and social interaction?

Sociology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus of Social Organization?

Government powers Signup and view all the answers

What does Social Change and Disorganization inquire about?

Shifts in social and cultural interactions Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses Material Culture?

Tangible parts of culture, like clothes and food Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of Applied Sociology?

Research methods for solving contemporary problems Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of culture refers to everything a person has, does, and thinks in society?

Culture as a whole Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Public Administration?

Study of management techniques in government Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of learning one's own culture?

Enculturation Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of deculturation?

Conflict between older and younger generations Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best defines cultural relativism?

Understanding cultures within their own context and locality Signup and view all the answers

How does culture affect biology?

It dictates physiological norms that affect body perception Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of culture suggests that it can lead to problems for its adherents?

Culture is maladaptive Signup and view all the answers

What defines xenocentrism?

Viewing another culture as superior to one's own Signup and view all the answers

What biological feature is primarily responsible for the development of culture in humans?

Complexity of the brain Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'acculturation' refer to?

Retaining one’s own culture while adapting aspects of another Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest political system described?

Bands Signup and view all the answers

What type of socialization involves learning behavior in social institutions?

Developmental Socialization Signup and view all the answers

Which type of socialization occurs during the first experiences in life?

Primary Socialization Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an achieved social status from ascribed social status?

Achieved status is based on individual skills and abilities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a nation?

A collection of bands sharing common characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of human rights?

They are innate and related to human dignity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of anticipatory socialization?

To learn acceptable behaviors for a future role Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the concept of human dignity?

It is an inalienable right inherent to every person Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature that distinguishes humans from other primates in terms of locomotion?

Bipedalism Signup and view all the answers

Which species is considered the first of the early humans?

Australopithecus Signup and view all the answers

During which period did the creation and use of chipped stone tools primarily occur?

Paleolithic Period Signup and view all the answers

What adaptation is Homo Erectus known for regarding their way of life?

Adapting to various environments Signup and view all the answers

What defines the Neolithic Period in terms of technological development?

Final stage of cultural evolution Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Identity

Identity comprises distinct characteristics defining an individual, shaped continuously by various factors.
Multiple intelligences identified by Howard Gardner include Naturalist, Spatial, Linguistic, Intra/interpersonal, Logical-mathematical, Musical, and Bodily-kinesthetic.

Environmental and Historical Influences

Environment and history are crucial in shaping human behaviors.
Inuits inhabit Canada's Arctic region, utilizing fur clothing to adapt to their environment.
The Kung people reside in Namibia's Kalahari Desert, characterized by loose, single-layer clothing.

Factors of Identity

Nationality: Legal status defining membership or citizenship, with Jus soli (by land) and Jus sanguinis (by blood).
Race: Biological characteristics influencing physical appearance.
Ethnicity: Cultural ideas shared by specific groups.
Religion: Encompasses belief systems including Monotheism (one God) and Polytheism (multiple gods).
Socio-economic Status: Reflects varying privilege levels among populations.
Gender: Defined by social and cultural differences rather than biology.
Sex: Refers to biological characteristics (male and female).
LGBTQI: Term for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals.
Exceptionalities: Pertains to individuals with disabilities or giftedness.
Political Identity: Concerns attitudes toward political systems, with concepts of conformity (agreement with norms) and deviance (violation of norms).

Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science

Anthropology is a holistic study of humanity, exploring biological, cultural, and linguistic aspects.
- Physical anthropology studies biological development.
- Archaeology investigates ancient populations.
- Cultural anthropology examines societies through their cultures and beliefs.
- Linguistic anthropology evaluates the relationship between language and culture.
Sociology scientifically analyzes social relationships and culture.
- Studies include social organization, psychology, change, human ecology, and population dynamics.
- Applied sociology employs methods to address contemporary social issues.
Political Science investigates politics, power, and governance.
- Political theory examines views related to the state and its ethical standards.
- Public law focuses on the government’s powers and duties concerning individual rights.
- Public administration involves managing state affairs through its branches.

Aspects of Culture

Culture encompasses both material and non-material elements, reflecting behaviors and beliefs.
Material culture includes tangible items like clothing and buildings; Non-material culture comprises values, ideas, and knowledge.
Culture is learned through family and institutions, involving processes like enculturation (own culture learning), acculturation (adapting to other cultures), and deculturation (conflicts between generations).
Culture is shared, adaptive, and can be maladaptive if it fails to adjust to environmental changes.
Culture evolves and does not remain static.

Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism

Ethnocentrism values one’s culture over others, while cultural relativism emphasizes understanding cultures within their contexts.
Concepts like xenocentrism (valuing other cultures) and Eurocentrism (centering the West) exist.

Human Biocultural and Socio-evolution

Evolution signifies change over time.
Thinking Capacity: Human brain weighs approximately 1.4 kg, allowing adaptation and survival.
Speaking Capacity: Enhanced vocal structures produce complex sounds.
Gripping Capacity: Power and precision grips are crucial for tool usage.
Walking/Standing Capacity: Humans are fully bipedal, unlike other primates.

Paleolithic and Neolithic Periods

Paleolithic Period (2.5 million years ago to 10,000 B.C.): Characterized by basic stone tools.
Neolithic Period (12,000 years ago): Marked advancements, including technology and moving beyond hunting/gathering.

Filipino family recognized as a foundational element per the 1987 Constitution.
Bands and tribes represent simple political systems, evolving from smaller groups to collective identities.
Chiefdoms denote rule by a paramount chief from an elite lineage.
Nations consist of shared cultures, while states refer to organized governments controlling specific territories.
Democracy allows citizens to elect representatives through majority votes.

Socialization and Development

Socialization entails personality and skills development, values formation, and fostering social stability.
Types of socialization include:
- Primary (early experiences)
- Secondary (socialization beyond home)
- Anticipatory (preparing for group incorporation)
- Developmental (learning in institutions)
- Resocialization (adopting new behaviors)

Human Rights and Dignity

Human rights affirm dignity and are protected as legal and social principles.
Human dignity is an inherent and inalienable right ensuring individuals are respected and valued.

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Description

This quiz explores the concept of identity and how it is shaped by various factors, including environmental influences and historical contexts. It also delves into Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, highlighting distinct types and their significance. Test your knowledge of these essential concepts in understanding human behavior.