Understanding ICT and Web Generations

Current State of ICT

• Technology and industry trends combined with societal and economic factors create a complex dynamic
• As society goes digital, the relationship between technology and people continues to evolve

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

• ICT encompasses a set of technologies for advancing communications
• ICT enables communications through:
  • Broadcast media
  • Networking components
  • Audiovisual processing and transmission systems
• ICT allows users and organizations to interact in the digital world

Web Generations

• Web technologies have evolved from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0
• Web 1.0 was the first generation of the Internet
  • Tim Berners-Lee pioneered the Internet in 1990
  • He developed the foundational technologies for the World Wide Web and the first web browser
• Web 2.0 represents a shift in how the internet is used in the last 15-20 years
  • It enables user-generated content to be instantly viewed worldwide
• Web 2.0 innovations include internet access and social networks, leading to more online interactivity and utility
• Web 3.0 is the potential next phase of the Internet's evolution
  • Web 3.0 builds on decentralization for data storage across multiple locations
  • Web 3.0 promotes:
    • Open-source software
    • Greater user utility as a result of machine learning

Convergent Technologies

• Convergent technologies combine two or more independent technologies into a new device
• Smartphones are a great illustration, integrating:
  • Telephone
  • Camera
  • Multimedia player
  • Navigation tool
• Convergent technologies have three key characteristics:
  • Multifunctional for blended purposes
  • Enable machine learning for enhanced user experience as a result of data collection in various formats
  • Interconnected with other devices for universal user access

Social Use

• ICT developments allow instant global connection through social media
• Social media platforms facilitate publishing, sharing, and discussing information
• Social media includes:
  • Social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram)
  • Forums (Reddit)
  • Community blogs (WordPress)
  • Video-hosting sites (YouTube, Twitch)
• Goal of social media: faster, more interactive online communication

Assistive Technology

• Assistive Technology include devices, applications, and equipment
• Assistive technology supports the needs of disabled people so they can learn, communicate and function easily
• Examples include:
  • ChromeVox: A screen reader extension for Google Chrome
  • Capti: Used for listening to online books and news

Online Systems and Platforms

• Online systems and platforms are varied services available on the Internet
• These include:
  • Online marketplaces
  • Search engines
  • Creative content outlets
  • Communication platforms
• Online systems allow different users to interact according to needs

Marketplaces

• The main features of online marketplaces are sellers and buyers who trade
• Lazada, Foodpanda, and Facebook Marketplace are leading online stores in the Philippines
• These stores offer a range of products from clothes and food to other essential needs
• Online businesses have increased due to more benefits than traditional selling
• Benefits include:
  • 24/7 Availability
  • Additional source of income
  • Reduced marketing costs
• Buyers can shop from home, compare prices, and access more options

Search Engines

• Search engines retrieve online information specific to user needs
• Examples include Google, Yahoo!, and Microsoft Bing
• Search engines generate results through:
  • Crawling
  • Indexing
  • Ranking

Crawl, Index, Search, Rank

• Crawl: Web crawlers (spiders) constantly search the internet for new sites and new links
• Index: Crawlers analyze, organize, and store collected data for quick searching
• Search: The search engine translates inputted words into terms that relate to its index using natural language processing (NLP) for understanding a query and finding matching web pages
• Rank: Algorithms present results based on keyword matching, high-quality content, and personal information to tailor results

Creative Content Outlets

• Creative content outlets are websites that utilize different types of media to communicate to their audience
• Creative content can refer to:
  • Blogs: Written content by a blogger, share opinion and knowledge
    • Platforms: WordPress, Tumblr, and LinkedIn
  • Video: Creative video ranges from brand videos, animation, and educational videos to vlogs
    • Platforms: YouTube, streaming sites, learning management systems
  • Infographics: Visual representations of information and data charts and graphs with minimal text
    • Uses: Email marketing, educational purposes, and social media ads
• Online creative content covers posted and published art, literature, sound, and writings

Communication Platforms

• Communication platforms improve collaboration and connection regardless of distances
• Communication platforms are used by:
  • Businesses
  • Organizations
  • Individuals
• Communication platforms are used for faster information exchange
• Examples include:
  • Microsoft 365: A productivity tool with MS Teams, OneDrive, and Office apps
  • Google Workspace: A web-based tool with apps like Gmail, Google Drive, and Google Sheets for secured collaboration and productivity
  • Dropbox: A user-friendly cloud-sharing solution for managing files, reducing email needs, and improving collaboration

Online Safety, Security, and Etiquette

• Aside from abiding by cyber laws, online safety, security, and etiquette are the user's responsibility to protect themselves

Online Safety

• Online safety is how users can defend themselves against possible online dangers
• Safety precautions include:
  • Never trust anyone: Emotions should not override critical thinking when disclosing information online
  • Do not disclose too much information: It is advisable to limit posting personal information online
  • Cross-check a website: Check the link and spelling when communicating and transacting online to avoid phishing
  • Click links accordingly: Do not click shortened links unless they come from a reputable source

Online Security

• Online security is how to safeguard confidential information against dangerous attacks
• Security measures include:
  • Password Security: Using strong passwords that meet standards with alphanumeric characters, symbols, and proper caps lock
  • Multi-factor Authentication: Using biometrics and PINs for authentication to make it more secure, such as OTP, fingerprints, and facial recognition

Installing Anti-virus and Backup Storage

• Installing Anti-virus: If a suspicious link is clicked, the anti-virus detects viruses early
• Installing an anti-virus cleans and maintains the device from data breaches and corruption
• Backup Storage: Files should be stored in cloud storage or hard drives as a method of securing files
• If a breach or manipulation occurs, backed up files act as replacements

Online Etiquette

• Online etiquette is behaving with kindness and respect to others online
• Proper use of tone: Using proper tone, written or audio, is vital in a conversation while avoiding all caps and excessive exclamations
• Proofreading the message: Proofread messages to avoid major problems
• Respect for privacy: Do not hack or snoop on confidential information
• Be prepared and minimize distractions: Prepare when entering online meetings
• Avoid misinformation: Validate news, articles, infographics, and blogs before sharing them with others