Understanding Hypoxemia: Causes and Manifestations
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of hypoxemia?

  • Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 80 mm Hg (correct)
  • Arterial blood hemoglobin saturation of less than 90%
  • Arterial blood hemoglobin saturation of less than 95%
  • Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 60 mm Hg

    • When is cyanosis manifested as a sign of hypoxemia?

  • Always a late sign of severe hypoxemia (correct)
  • Mid-stage sign of moderate hypoxemia
  • Never a sign of hypoxemia
  • Early sign of mild hypoxemia

    • Which condition is NOT a cause of venous admixture in hypoxemia?

  • Small airway and alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
  • Low ventilation-perfusion regions
  • Pulmonary embolism (correct)
  • Diffusion defects

    • What is the definition of serious, potentially life-threatening hypoxemia?

    <p>Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 60 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to plasma PO2 when there is interference with the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is often used as a surrogate marker of PaO2?

    <p>SaO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parameter is primarily determined by hemoglobin concentration and is not considered to be a marker of hypoxemia?

    <p>Venous blood oxygen content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of PaO2 at sea level?

    <p>80-110 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the driving force that leads to oxygen diffusion down to the mitochondria?

    <p>Partial pressure of oxygen in the plasma (PO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the observation of cyanosis commonly signal?

    <p>Low tissue oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does cyanosis manifest as a sign of hypoxemia?

    <p>During severe hypoxemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three causes of hypoxemia?

    <p>Low inspired oxygen concentration, hypoventilation, venous admixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can pulse oximeters noninvasively, continuously, and automatically monitor?

    <p>Hypoxemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SaO2 use to measure hemoglobin saturation with oxygen?

    <p>Many wavelengths of red to infrared light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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