Understanding Hypoxemia: Causes and Manifestations

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of hypoxemia?

  • Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 80 mm Hg (correct)
  • Arterial blood hemoglobin saturation of less than 90%
  • Arterial blood hemoglobin saturation of less than 95%
  • Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 60 mm Hg

When is cyanosis manifested as a sign of hypoxemia?

  • Always a late sign of severe hypoxemia (correct)
  • Mid-stage sign of moderate hypoxemia
  • Never a sign of hypoxemia
  • Early sign of mild hypoxemia

Which condition is NOT a cause of venous admixture in hypoxemia?

  • Small airway and alveolar collapse (atelectasis)
  • Low ventilation-perfusion regions
  • Pulmonary embolism (correct)
  • Diffusion defects

What is the definition of serious, potentially life-threatening hypoxemia?

<p>Partial pressure of oxygen of less than 60 mm Hg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to plasma PO2 when there is interference with the respiratory membrane?

<p>Decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is often used as a surrogate marker of PaO2?

<p>SaO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which parameter is primarily determined by hemoglobin concentration and is not considered to be a marker of hypoxemia?

<p>Venous blood oxygen content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of PaO2 at sea level?

<p>80-110 mm Hg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the driving force that leads to oxygen diffusion down to the mitochondria?

<p>Partial pressure of oxygen in the plasma (PO2) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the observation of cyanosis commonly signal?

<p>Low tissue oxygenation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does cyanosis manifest as a sign of hypoxemia?

<p>During severe hypoxemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three causes of hypoxemia?

<p>Low inspired oxygen concentration, hypoventilation, venous admixture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can pulse oximeters noninvasively, continuously, and automatically monitor?

<p>Hypoxemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SaO2 use to measure hemoglobin saturation with oxygen?

<p>Many wavelengths of red to infrared light. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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