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Questions and Answers
What is a hypothesis?
A proposed explanation based on some evidence.
How does a hypothesis become a theory?
Once the hypothesis is scientifically tested and proven.
A theory is an idea that is always proven scientifically.
True
What is necessary for a solar system to form from a nebula?
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What are nebulas?
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What gases mainly compose a nebula?
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High pressure causes a nebula to ______.
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Gravity causes particles in a nebula to drift apart.
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What can upset the balance between gravity and pressure in a nebula?
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What is the composition of the present atmosphere?
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Study Notes
What is a Hypothesis
- An explanation based on limited evidence
- A starting point for further investigation
- Not scientifically tested or proven
- It can be accurate or inaccurate
What is a Theory
- A set of ideas explaining facts or events
- Formulated after extensive research and analysis
- Scientifically proven with evidence
- Can be used for understanding, explanation and prediction
- Theories can be proven wrong depending on the proof
How Solar Systems Form
- Solar systems originate from nebulas, which are clouds of gas and dust in space.
- Our solar system likely formed from the solar nebula, composed of gases like hydrogen and helium, and dust containing elements like carbon and iron.
- Two forces drive the formation of solar systems from nebulas: Gravity and Pressure.
Gravity
- Gravity pulls matter together
- The particles in a nebula are very small and spaced apart
- Gravity is weak but sufficient to prevent the nebula from drifting apart
Pressure
- Pressure pushes matter apart
- Particles in a nebula constantly move and collide, creating pressure within the nebula
- Pressure is higher with closer particles increasing collisions
Balance Between Gravity and Pressure
- High pressure makes the nebula expand, lessening pressure
- Gravity pulls particles together increasing pressure
- When the nebula reaches the right size, pressure and gravity equilibrate, keeping the nebula stable
Upsetting the Balance
- Supernovas can disrupt the balance in a nebula
- This causes compression in small regions of the nebula, creating globules
- Globules become dense, gravity causes them to collapse, leading to increased temperature
- The hot, dense globule can eventually become a star
Formation of the Solar System
- Our solar system took about 10 million years to form from the solar nebula
- Important events during formation include:
- Initial cloud of gas and dust
- Compression into a dense disk
- Formation of the sun at the center of the disk
- Formation of planets from remaining material
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of hypotheses and theories in science, detailing their definitions, differences, and implications. Additionally, it covers the formation of solar systems, highlighting the roles of gravity and pressure in this process.
