Understanding Huntington Disease: Neurodegenerative Disorder
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Questions and Answers

What is the specific amino acid coded by the CAG repeat found in Huntington disease patients?

  • Glutamine (correct)
  • Aspartate
  • Alanine
  • Glycine
  • Why is Huntington disease considered an autosomal dominant genetic disorder?

  • It can only affect males in each generation.
  • It skips generations due to being recessive.
  • It requires two affected copies of the gene to cause the disease.
  • One affected copy of the gene is enough to cause the disease. (correct)
  • In a typical scenario, what is the chance that an affected individual with Huntington disease will pass on the affected gene to their child?

  • 50% (correct)
  • 25%
  • 75%
  • 100%
  • What part of the brain is notably affected by neuronal cell death in Huntington disease?

    <p>Basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is excitotoxicity believed to cause in neuronal cells in Huntington disease?

    <p>Excessive signaling leading to cell death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Huntington disease more specifically classified as a 'polyglutamine' disease?

    <p>'CAG' repeat expansion leading to multiple glutamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where Huntington disease families often show earlier symptom onset with each generation?

    <p>Anticipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do individuals with 36-39 CAG repeats in the HTT gene show reduced penetrance?

    <p>Unknown reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain areas are most affected in Huntington disease due to neuronal death, leading to movement problems like chorea?

    <p>Caudate and putamen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does a person with 40+ CAG repeats in the HTT gene show 100% penetrance of Huntington disease?

    <p>Once they start having symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of adding more CAG repeats in the HTT gene, which occurs more frequently during sperm production?

    <p>Repeat expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the lateral ventricle expansion observed in Huntington disease?

    <p>Result of brain tissue volume loss in the caudate and putamen</p> Signup and view all the answers

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