Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors LEAST affects a child's learning and development?
Which of the following factors LEAST affects a child's learning and development?
- Culture and society
- School
- Family
- Genetics (correct)
What type of behavior does a child exhibit during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
What type of behavior does a child exhibit during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
- Exploring the world through their senses (correct)
- Engaging in make-believe games
- Demonstrating strong self-control
- Solving complex problems
Which of the following is NOT a major milestone that occurs during the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years)?
Which of the following is NOT a major milestone that occurs during the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years)?
- Engaging in make-believe games
- Gaining more control over their bodies and behaviors
- Developing stronger problem-solving skills (correct)
- Recognizing familiar faces
Which of the following social behaviors do children typically exhibit during the middle childhood stage (6 to 11 years)?
Which of the following social behaviors do children typically exhibit during the middle childhood stage (6 to 11 years)?
What type of cognitive development is associated with the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years) according to the text?
What type of cognitive development is associated with the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years) according to the text?
Which of the following is NOT a key emotional behavior that develops during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
Which of the following is NOT a key emotional behavior that develops during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
Which of the following is a key motor skill development that occurs during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
Which of the following is a key motor skill development that occurs during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
Which of the following is a key social behavior that children exhibit during the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years)?
Which of the following is a key social behavior that children exhibit during the early childhood stage (2 to 6 years)?
What is the primary purpose of the brain development that occurs during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
What is the primary purpose of the brain development that occurs during the infancy stage (birth to 2 years)?
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of the middle childhood stage (6 to 11 years)?
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of the middle childhood stage (6 to 11 years)?
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Study Notes
Human Behavior
- Human behavior refers to everything people do, say, think, and feel, including actions, thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and attitudes.
- Studying behavior helps understand people and the relationships between individuals.
Types of Human Behavior
- Cognitive behaviors: thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making in the brain.
- Emotional behaviors: expressions of feelings like joy, anger, and sadness through facial expressions or body language.
- Social behaviors: interactions with others like cooperation, communication, and relationships.
- Motor behaviors: use the body, like posture, movement, handwriting, and sports skills.
- Habitual behaviors: routines people learn and repeat often without much thought.
- Voluntary behaviors: under conscious control and change more easily than habits.
- Involuntary behaviors: happen without direct control, like heartbeat and digestion.
Factors that Influence Development
- Biology: Genes and brain development impact abilities and traits.
- Environment: Family, school, and culture/society around a child affect learning.
- Experiences: Interacting with peers, technologies, and the world teaches behavior.
- Psychology: Developing skills like thinking, memory, emotions, and language abilities.
Stages of Development
- Infancy (Birth to 2 years): Foundation stage, babies explore their world through senses, develop motor skills, and bond with caregivers.
- Early childhood (2 to 6 years): Increased independence, social interaction, and cognitive leaps, including the emergence of Piaget's pre-operational thought.
- Middle Childhood (6 to 11 years): Formal schooling, stronger self-control, focus, and problem-solving skills.
- Adolescence (11 to 18 years): Puberty transforms the body, friendships and identity formation take center stage, and teens challenge rules to separate from parents.
Theories of Personality
- Psychoanalytic theory: Developed by Sigmund Freud, focuses on how personality emerges, what influences it, and what constitutes a healthy or abnormal personality.
- Behaviourism: Another important personality theory.
- Humanism: The third major personality theory.
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