Understanding History and Its Types

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the historical method?

To collect artifacts without establishing their context

To rewrite history based on current ideologies

To critically examine and analyze records of the past (correct)

To create fictional narratives about the past

Which type of source includes narratives and judicial documents?

Oral sources

Unwritten sources

Written sources (correct)

Archaeological evidence

Which of the following types of sources would be classified as unwritten?

Literary texts

Archaeological evidence (correct)

Social documents

Historical essays

What does historiography primarily focus on?

The study of historical writing and interpretation Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT part of historical criticism?

Accepting all records as accurate Signup and view all the answers

Which type of written sources would include testimonies?

Social documents Signup and view all the answers

Which category does archaeological evidence fall under?

Unwritten sources Signup and view all the answers

What is a common goal of studying history?

To understand patterns and contexts of human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the Greek word for history?

Historia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of history specifically focuses on significant events within a specific geographical area?

National or Local History Signup and view all the answers

What does the Human Nature Theory in history primarily relate to?

The qualities of human nature, both good and bad Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the pillar of historical research?

Evidence Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which theory suggests that history is influenced by dominant personalities?

Great Man Theory Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect distinguishes a historian from a history teacher?

Conducting field research Signup and view all the answers

What definition of history emphasizes its dynamic nature?

A record of human actions in the past Signup and view all the answers

Which theory involves a perspective that all ordinary people contribute to historical narratives?

Everyman View Signup and view all the answers

What type of document is the 'Report of the Philippine commission to the President' dated December 20, 1900?

A political report Signup and view all the answers

Which digital image represents the baptismal certificate of Josephine Bracken?

Digital image from Wikimedia Commons Signup and view all the answers

What significant event does the digital image titled 'La Katipunan and the Revolution' depict?

The establishment of the Katipunan Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sources provides a digital image of the Insular Cigar Factory?

Positively Filipino Signup and view all the answers

The digital image from the 'Compilation of laws of the kingdoms of the Indies' can be found in which digital library?

Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Signup and view all the answers

What type of publication is represented by the 'Free Press Magazine' dated May 17, 2017?

A magazine from the American occupation period Signup and view all the answers

Which historical figure's speech is depicted in a digital image from February 20, 1943?

Manuel L. Quezon Signup and view all the answers

The digital image labeled 'Agriculture' comes from what organization?

Philippine Census Office Signup and view all the answers

What is the publication year of the 'A Hydrographical and Chorographical Chart of the Philippine Islands'?

1734 Signup and view all the answers

Which photograph shows General Douglas MacArthur landing in the Philippines?

General Douglas MacArthur lands in the Philippines at Lingayen Gulf on Luzon Signup and view all the answers

Which work is associated with Andres Bonifacio?

Pagibig sa Tinubuang Bayan Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is an example of a digital image from 1916?

Photograph of Piegan Indian, Mountain Chief Signup and view all the answers

What year did T. Paine publish 'Common Sense'?

1776 Signup and view all the answers

Which year does the notated music 'A Song for Our Soldiers and Nurses' date back to?

1918 Signup and view all the answers

Which of these sources provides a screenshot of 'Political Begging'?

ResearchGate Signup and view all the answers

What type of work is the 'Wreck of the battleship Maine'?

Photograph Signup and view all the answers

Which type of source provides firsthand accounts of an event?

Primary Source Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a primary source?

Textbook Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of external criticism in historical research?

To authenticate evidence and establish texts Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is responsible for preserving primary sources in the Philippines?

Historical Commission Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of secondary sources?

To summarize and comment on primary sources Signup and view all the answers

An example of external criticism would involve which of the following actions?

Cross-referencing a diary with a newspaper article Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a primary source in historical research?

Photo from an event Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is primarily involved in internal criticism?

Analyzing content for credibility Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Defining History

Derived from the Greek word "historia" meaning "knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation"
A field of study developed around established methods and concepts.
Attempting to uncover significant events using fragmented evidence, uncovering who we are.

Nature and Types of History

History is the study of human actions from the past, always fragmented in nature.
History is a dynamic field that continues and terminates in the present.
Evidence is the foundation pillar of historical research.
Classified by time periods (ancient, medieval, modern), locations (national, local), and special interests (political, social, cultural).

Historian and History Teacher

Historians conduct rigorous research into historical records, providing valuable insights.
History teachers contribute to societal understanding by using history as a tool for learning. They share this knowledge with other teachers.

Theories of History

Great God Theory: History is driven by the creation myths found among preliterate societies.
Great Man Theory: Dominant personalities influence the course of history.
Great Mind Theory: History is shaped by ideal forces.
Best People Theory: Elite individuals and the ruling class play a significant role in shaping history.
Human Nature Theory: History is determined by the inherent nature of humanity, both positive and negative.
Everyman View: History records the collective experiences of everyday people.

Historical Method

Involves critically analyzing and examining historical records and artifacts.
This method seeks to understand the past through a comprehensive and objective lens.

Historical Sources and Repositories

Sources: Artifacts or evidence left behind from the past, divided into relics/remains and testimonies.
Written Sources: Consists of narratives, literary works, judicial documents, and social documents.
Unwritten Sources: Includes archeological findings, oral traditions, and other non-textual evidence.
Primary Sources: Accounts of events directly from individuals who experienced or witnessed them.
Secondary Sources: Provide insight into primary sources by describing, discussing, interpreting, analyzing, evaluating, summarizing, or processing them.
Repositories: Locations where historical sources are kept. These include:
- Archives
- Libraries (special collections or Filipiniana sections)
- Historical societies
- Museums
- Historical Commissions/Agencies (like the National Archives of the Philippines).

Historical Criticism

External Criticism: Authenticates the evidence and assesses the legitimacy of historical texts.
Internal Criticism: Analyzes the content of documents for consistency and credibility, fitting them within a broader historical context.

Historiography

The study of how history is written, interpreted, and presented.
It examines the different perspectives and methodologies used by historians.

Schools of Thought

Different approaches to understanding history, influenced by diverse philosophies, ideologies, and perspectives.
Examples include Marxist historians, feminist historians, and postmodern historians.

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Description

Explore the definition of history, its nature, and various types. This quiz delves into the roles of historians and history teachers, as well as the theories that shape our understanding of historical inquiry. Test your knowledge on the foundational pillars of historical research and the significance of evidence.