CLASS 4 HEAT AND TEMPERATURE

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Questions and Answers

What happens to things when they gain heat?

  • They become hotter. (correct)
  • They stay the same.
  • They disappear.
  • They become colder.

What is the main source of heat?

  • The moon.
  • The sun. (correct)
  • The stars.
  • The earth.

Which of these is an example of a man-made source of heat?

  • An electric bulb. (correct)
  • Geothermal energy.
  • Solar heat.
  • Fossil fuels.

What is the heat from the sun called?

<p>Solar heat. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one use of heat?

<p>To dry clothes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when heat transfers from one object to another?

<p>It flows from a hotter object to a colder object. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does temperature tell us?

<p>How hot or cold an object is. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal temperature of the human body in Celsius?

<p>$37 \degree C$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool is used to measure body temperature?

<p>A clinical thermometer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a fever in the morning, in Celsius?

<p>Higher than $37.2 \degree C$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'solar heat' used for?

<p>Producing electricity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a natural source of heat?

<p>Solar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the use of the Sun's heat?

<p>Photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when vegetables are put in a hot pan?

<p>They get cooked. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is heat?

<p>A form of energy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does soup in a bowl heat the bowl itself?

<p>The heat from the soup transfers to the bowl. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an object is hotter than another?

<p>Its temperature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of losing heat on an object?

<p>It becomes colder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for heat to transfer continuously between two objects?

<p>A temperature difference. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following relies on the heat of the sun?

<p>Photosynthesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a clinical thermometer measure?

<p>Body temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of using heat for a practical purpose?

<p>Ironing clothes to remove wrinkles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of solar panels?

<p>To produce electricity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a natural source of heat that comes from inside the Earth?

<p>Geothermal energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves heat energy transfer?

<p>Heating water in water heaters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the temperature of water stored in an insulated bottle compared to water in a tumbler after an hour?

<p>The temperature of the water in the insulated bottle will remain the same. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If someone has a body temperature of 37.8 °C in the afternoon, what does this indicate?

<p>They have a fever. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a man-made source of heat that's commonly used for cooking?

<p>Geyser (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is generally true about heat transfer?

<p>Heat flows from hotter objects to colder objects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'solar heat' primarily used for in solar plants?

<p>Producing electricity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does heat transfer slow down significantly in an insulated container?

<p>Because insulated containers are designed to impede the flow of heat. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does understanding temperature help us in determining the direction of heat flow between two objects?

<p>It allows us to predict that heat will flow from the object with higher temperature to the object with lower temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering that geothermal energy is a natural source of heat, which of the following locations would likely have the most potential for geothermal power generation?

<p>A mountainous region with volcanic activity and hot springs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the difference between heat and temperature critical in energy management and conservation?

<p>Because understanding their difference allows for more efficient design of heating and cooling systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If two identical metal rods, one made of copper and the other of steel, are heated at one end, how would their heat transfer properties differ, assuming equal conditions?

<p>The copper rod would transfer heat more rapidly due to its higher thermal conductivity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A blacksmith plunges a hot iron horseshoe into cold water. Which of the following explains the heat transfer that occurs?

<p>Heat from the horseshoe transfers into the water, increasing the water's temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of thermodynamics, how does an insulated container affect the rate at which a hot liquid cools down compared to an uninsulated container?

<p>The insulated container significantly reduces the rate of heat loss, keeping the liquid hot for a longer time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the process of photosynthesis demonstrate the use of solar heat, and what crucial energy conversion occurs?

<p>Photosynthesis uses solar heat to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, storing energy in chemical bonds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the use of solar panels, what is a key factor that influences the efficiency of converting solar heat into electricity?

<p>The angle and intensity of sunlight, optimized for maximum energy capture. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand which sources of heat are renewable versus non-renewable when addressing environmental sustainability?

<p>Because renewable sources, like solar and geothermal, replenish naturally and reduce reliance on finite resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vegetables are cooked by cooling them down.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat is a type of energy.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Things become colder when they gain heat.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sun is a source of heat.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An electric bulb is a natural source of heat.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solar panels can be used to produce electricity.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat flows from colder objects to hotter objects.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat transfer easily happens through an insulated container.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Temperature tells us how hot or cold an object is.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The normal human body temperature is about 105°C.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A clinical thermometer is used to measure body temperature.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Photosynthesis is a use of heat.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drying clothes is a use of heat.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cooling food is a use of heat.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cornelis Drebbel invented the first clinical thermometer.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vegetables cook on a pan because they are directly cooled by the burner.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat is a form of matter that occupies space and has mass.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An electric fan is an example of a natural source of heat.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solar panels directly produce light, which is then used for various purposes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat transfer occurs from a colder object to a hotter object.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An insulated bottle maintains the temperature of its contents for an extended period by preventing heat transfer.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Temperature measures the amount of heat energy an object contains.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The normal human body temperature is approximately $40 ,^{\circ}C$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A clinical thermometer is primarily designed to measure the temperature of liquids.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person is considered to have a fever if their body temperature is higher than 36.0 °C in the morning.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Robert Fludd solely invented the first mercury thermometer.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sun's heat is called geothermal energy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baking cookies in an oven is an example of using heat.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When you have a fever, your body temperature decreases.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat transfer through an insulated container occurs rapidly.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vegetables get ______ when they are heated in a pan.

<p>cooked</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] is a form of energy.

<p>heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Things become colder when they ______ heat.

<p>lose</p> Signup and view all the answers

Things that produce heat are called sources of ______.

<p>heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is the main source of heat for Earth.

<p>Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] heat can be trapped and stored for later use with ______ panels.

<p>solar</p> Signup and view all the answers

We use heat for ironing our ______.

<p>clothes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat is used for ______ food.

<p>cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat always flows from a ______ object to a colder object.

<p>hotter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat does not transfer easily through an ______ container.

<p>insulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

When we have a fever, our body becomes ______.

<p>hot</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] tells us how hot or cold an object is.

<p>temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

The normal temperature of the human body is 37 °______.

<p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

The temperature of the body is measured by using a clinical ______.

<p>thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first ______ thermometer was invented after decades of research.

<p>mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vegetables get cooked in a pan because they gain ______ from the pan placed on a heat source.

<p>heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Things become hotter when they ______ heat and colder when they lose it.

<p>gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sun is the main ______ of heat, providing warmth to our planet.

<p>source</p> Signup and view all the answers

[Blank] heat can be trapped using solar panels to produce electricity.

<p>Solar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat always flows from a ______ object to a colder object until they reach the same temperature.

<p>hotter</p> Signup and view all the answers

An ______ container prevents easy transfer of heat.

<p>insulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

The normal temperature of the human body is 37°______ or 98.6°F.

<p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

A clinical ______ is used to measure body temperature.

<p>thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the body temperature is higher than 37.7°C in the afternoon, it may indicate a ______.

<p>fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

The creation of the ______ is the result of research done by various scientists such as Cornelis Drebbel, Robert Fludd and Gallileo Gallilei over many decades.

<p>thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solar heat can be used in solar ______ to produce electricity

<p>plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electric bulb, geyser, iron, oven, etc. are ______-made sources of heat

<p>man</p> Signup and view all the answers

Solar, heat from the Earth (geothermal energy) and fossil fuels are ______ sources of heat

<p>natural</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heat does not transfer through an ______ container easily

<p>insulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do vegetables get cooked in a pan?

<p>They get cooked when they are heated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main natural source of heat?

<p>The Sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one man-made source of heat.

<p>Electric bulb (or geyser, or iron, or oven, etc.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is solar heat?

<p>The heat of the Sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give one use of heat mentioned in the text.

<p>Ironing clothes (or drying clothes, cooking food, etc.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what direction does heat flow between objects?

<p>From a hotter object to a colder object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between heat and temperature?

<p>Heat is a form of energy, while temperature tells us how hot or cold an object is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to measure body temperature?

<p>Clinical thermometer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when something loses heat?

<p>It becomes colder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a state in India with solar plants.

<p>Gujarat (or Rajasthan, or Maharashtra)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Sun provide to our surroundings, plants, and animals?

<p>Warmth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to our body temperature when we have a fever?

<p>It rises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal human body temperature in Fahrenheit?

<p>98.6 F</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is needed to bake cakes and cookies?

<p>An oven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of bottles keep water cold for a longer period?

<p>Insulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which plants use the sun's heat to make food?

<p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What produces heat?

<p>Sources of heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heat of the sun trapped by solar panels is used for what purpose?

<p>To produce electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how heat from a gas burner cooks vegetables in a pan, detailing the transfer process.

<p>The heat from the gas burner heats the pan, which then transfers the heat to the vegetables, cooking them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between heat and temperature, providing an example of how they relate to each other.

<p>Heat is a form of energy while temperature measures the degree of hotness or coldness. For example, adding heat to water increases its temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how solar panels utilize solar heat, and name two states in India with solar power plants.

<p>Solar panels trap solar heat and convert it into electricity. Gujarat and Rajasthan are two states in India with solar power plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why the temperature of water in an insulated bottle remains colder longer than water kept in a tumbler at room temperature.

<p>An insulated bottle slows down heat transfer between the water and the surroundings, keeping the water colder for a longer time period in comparison to a tumbler.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List three practical uses of heat in daily life, excluding cooking food.

<p>Uses of heat include ironing clothes, heating water, and drying clothes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the direction in which heat flows between two objects and how it affects their temperatures.

<p>Heat flows from the hotter object to the colder object, until both objects reach the same temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal human body temperature in both Celsius and Fahrenheit?

<p>The normal human body temperature is 37°C or 98.6°F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person's body temperature is measured at 37.8°C in the afternoon, does that indicate a fever? Explain why.

<p>Yes, it indicates a fever because it is higher than 37.7°C, which is the threshold for fever in the afternoon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify two natural sources of heat and two man-made sources of heat.

<p>Natural sources: the sun and geothermal energy. Man-made sources: electric bulb and oven.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the work of Cornelis Drebbel, Robert Fludd and Gallileo Gallilei contribute to thermometer creation?

<p>Their research laid the foundation for, ultimately leading to the invention of the first mercury thermometer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why a metal spoon gets hot when left in a bowl of hot soup, even though the handle is outside the bowl.

<p>The heat from the soup transfers through the spoon by conduction, making the entire spoon, including the handle, hot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how plants utilize solar heat in the process of photosynthesis.

<p>Plants use solar heat as energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain why touching a metal door handle feels colder than touching a wooden door, even if both are at the same room temperature.

<p>Metal is a better conductor of heat than wood, so it draws heat away from your hand more quickly, making it feel colder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does heat from the sun help in drying clothes?

<p>The heat from the sun provides the energy needed to evaporate the water in the clothes, thus drying them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of how the transfer of heat is minimized to keep something cold.

<p>Using an insulated container minimizes heat transfer to keep something cold for longer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering a scenario where you touch a piece of ice. Describe how heat transfer occurs in this situation.

<p>Heat transfers from your hand (hotter object) to the ice (colder object), causing the ice to melt and your hand to feel cold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the heat from the sun benefits animals.

<p>The sun's heat keeps animals warm and helps maintain their body temperature, which is important for their survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an electric geyser work to heat water?

<p>An electric geyser uses an electrical heating element to transfer heat to the water, increasing its temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of heat in baking cookies and cakes in an oven?

<p>Heat from the oven cooks the dough or batter by causing chemical reactions that solidify the mixture and create the desired texture and flavor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of heat transfer in a hot water heater.

<p>The heater applies heat to the water, usually through a heating element or gas burner, increasing the water's temperature for later use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Heat

A form of energy. Causes things to become hotter when gained and colder when lost.

Sources of Heat

Things that produce heat. They can be natural or man-made.

Solar Heat

Heat from the sun, trapped and stored for later use, often with solar panels.

Transfer of Heat

Flows from a hotter object to a colder object until both have the same temperature.

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Temperature

Tells us how hot or cold an object is.

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Normal Human Body Temperature

37°C or 98.6°F

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Body Temperature Measurement

Measured using a clinical thermometer.

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Fever

A state where body temperature is higher than normal.

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The Sun

The main natural source of heat for Earth.

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Geothermal Energy

Heat from within the Earth.

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Man-made Heat Sources

Sources of heat created by humans, like electric bulbs or ovens.

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Solar Panels

Devices that trap solar heat and convert it into electricity.

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Photosynthesis

Using sunlight to create sugars for energy.

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Insulated Container

A container designed to prevent heat transfer.

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Uses of Heat

Using heat for tasks like ironing clothes, cooking, or drying items.

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What is solar heat?

Heat from the sun.

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How does heat transfer work?

Heat flowing from a hotter object towards a colder one until they reach the same temperature.

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What does temperature measure?

The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment.

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What indicates a fever?

A rise in body temperature above the normal range.

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What is heat?

A form of energy that increases the temperature of objects. It flows from hotter to colder areas.

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How is heat used in photosynthesis?

The sun provides plants with the energy they need through photosynthesis.

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What is an insulated container?

Objects or systems designed to minimize heat transfer, keeping contents at a consistent temperature.

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Use of Sun's Heat

To keep our surroundings, plants and animals warm.

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Solar Heat Application

The heat of the sun. It can be trapped using solar panels and stored for later use to produce electricity.

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Indications of Fever

A condition where a person's body temperature is higher than 37.2 °C (98.9 °F) in the morning or 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) in the afternoon.

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Clinical Thermometer

A device used to measure body temperature.

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Sun's Role in Heat

The main source of heat on Earth, providing warmth to surroundings, plants, and animals.

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Fossil Fuels

Substances such as coal, oil, and natural gas that were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. When burned, they produce heat.

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Geyser (electric)

A device that heats water using electricity.

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Study Notes

Heat

  • Heat is a form of energy.
  • Heat gain leads to increased temperature.
  • Heat loss leads to decreased temperature.
  • Sources of heat generate heat.
  • Vegetables cook when heated, such as in a pan on a gas burner.
  • Feeling hot when standing in the Sun is due to heat.

Sources of Heat

  • Heat sources are either natural or man-made.
  • The sun is a primary heat source.
  • Natural sources include solar energy, geothermal energy from the Earth, and fossil fuels.
  • Man-made sources include electric bulbs, geysers, ovens, and irons.

Solar Heat

  • Solar heat comes from the sun.
  • It is captured and stored by solar panels for later use.
  • Trapped heat produces electricity.
  • India hosts solar plants in states like Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra to produce electricity.

Uses of Heat

  • Heat is used for:
    • Ironing clothes.
    • Heating water.
    • Baking.
    • Keeping surroundings warm for plants and animals.
    • Drying clothes.
    • Cooking food.
    • Producing electricity through solar panels.
    • Driving photosynthesis.
    • Keeping ourselves warm.

Transfer of Heat

  • Heat flows from hotter objects to colder objects until thermal equilibrium is reached.
  • Insulated containers impede heat transfer.
  • Heat from soup transfers to the bowl.

Temperature

  • Temperature indicates an object's hotness or coldness.
  • An object with a higher temperature is hotter than one with a lower temperature.
  • Knowing an object's temperature allows determining its extent of hotness
  • Heat is energy, while temperature is a measure of hotness or coldness.

Body Temperature

  • Normal human body temperature is 37°C or 98.6°F.
  • A clinical thermometer measures body temperature.
  • Morning fever is indicated by a temperature exceeding 37.2°C (98.9°F).
  • Afternoon fever is indicated by a temperature exceeding 37.7°C (99.9°F).
  • During fever, body temperature rises.

Thermometer Creation

  • The thermometer's creation involved the research of scientists such as Cornelis Drebbel, Robert Fludd, and Galileo Galilei over decades.
  • Their work established the foundation for the invention of the mercury thermometer.

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