Chemical Process Utilities Heat Transfer Media and Solar Energy Prof.Shishir Sinha Department of Chemical Engineering
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Questions and Answers

What is the production capacity of the Megha Solar Plant CSP Project in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh?

  • 25 MW electricity
  • 75 KW electricity
  • 100 MW electricity (correct)
  • 50 KW electricity

    • What is the main advantage of utilizing molten salts as high-temperature fluids (HTFs) in power tower systems?

  • Low viscosity
  • Low thermal stability
  • Ability for thermal energy storage (correct)
  • High vapor pressure

    • What temperature range are molten salts generally stable at?

  • Over 800°C
  • Around 500°C (correct)
  • Between 200-300°C
  • Below 100°C

    • Why is it important to consider the stability of piping and container materials in relation to molten salts handling?

    <p>To maintain the stability of the molten salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of molten salts makes them comparable to water at high temperatures?

    <p>Low viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using water/steam as both Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) and working fluid in solar thermal systems?

    <p>It simplifies the system and leads to improved efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the scarcity of water a concern when using water/steam as the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) in desert regions for CSP plants?

    <p>As these plants are located in deserts where water is scarce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of single fluid solar thermal system uses water/steam as the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) according to the text?

    <p>Direct steam generating (DSG) parabolic troughs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main problem associated with using water/steam as the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) in CSP plants located in deserts?

    <p>Scarcity of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is carried to the turbine to produce electricity in a solar thermal system using water/steam as the working fluid?

    <p>Energy from the working fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are high temperature steam corrosion issues reported in the literature concerning water/steam HTF?

    <p>To illustrate challenges with particular alloys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a main disadvantage of using liquid sodium as a thermal energy storage medium?

    <p>High combustibility when in contact with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the liquid sodium test plant decommissioned in 1986?

    <p>Sodium fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate viscosity of liquid sodium?

    <p>0.00021 Pa s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is mentioned as highly compatible to be used as piping/container materials with liquid sodium?

    <p>SiC (ceramics)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared to solar salt, what is a disadvantage of liquid sodium?

    <p>Higher combustibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of the Na-K eutectic mixture mentioned in the text?

    <p>Liquid at room temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Helium or hydrogen typically used as the working fluid in a Stirling engine?

    <p>Because of their high heat conductivity and low molecular masses for faster heat transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material showed good corrosion resistance with almost zero weight loss after 1000 h immersion at temperatures up to 750 oC?

    <p>SiC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are high strength expensive materials needed in the cylinder of a Stirling engine?

    <p>To withstand large thermal stresses resulting from high temperature differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the corrosion rate of the Na (22.2%)-K(77.8%) mixture at 600 oC?

    <p>0.87 μm/year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which binary mixture of liquid metals is being investigated for use as Heat Transfer Fluids (HTFs) in CSP systems?

    <p>Cd–Bi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes fast changes in power output difficult to achieve in a Stirling cycle?

    <p>The warm-up time required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Stability temperature of Na-K (77.8%)-Li (22.2%) mixture?

    <p>785 oC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is dissipation of waste heat particularly complex in a Stirling engine?

    <p>Because coolant temperature must be kept low for maximum thermal efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is NOT mentioned in the text as having promising corrosion resistance properties with piping/container alloys?

    <p>Liquid Ca–Cu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a Stirling engine require a warm-up time before it can start functioning efficiently?

    <p>To reach the optimal temperature for operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant drawback of Stirling engines for automotive applications?

    <p>Inability to provide fast changes in power output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Viscosity of Na (22.2%)-K(77.8%) mixture at 600 oC?

    <p>0.00018 PA-s</p> Signup and view all the answers

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