Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the basis of carcinogenesis according to the text?
What is the basis of carcinogenesis according to the text?
- Implantation after operation
- Lymphatic spread to regional lymph nodes
- Non-lethal genetic damage (correct)
- Direct seeding of body cavities
Which class of genes are the principal targets of genetic damage in carcinogenesis?
Which class of genes are the principal targets of genetic damage in carcinogenesis?
- Genes involved in DNA repair
- Growth promoting oncogenes (correct)
- Tumor suppressor genes
- Genes involved in apoptosis
What process leads to secondary tumors in organs perfused by blood from a primary tumor?
What process leads to secondary tumors in organs perfused by blood from a primary tumor?
- Direct seeding
- Lymphatic spread
- Implantation after operation
- Haematogenous spread (correct)
Which type of genes regulate programmed cell death, a process relevant to carcinogenesis?
Which type of genes regulate programmed cell death, a process relevant to carcinogenesis?
What is the route of metastasis described as 'rare' after an operation?
What is the route of metastasis described as 'rare' after an operation?
What is the process by which a cell develops a specialized function or morphology?
What is the process by which a cell develops a specialized function or morphology?
Which of the following is a hallmark of malignant transformation?
Which of the following is a hallmark of malignant transformation?
What term is used for the variation in size and shape of cells?
What term is used for the variation in size and shape of cells?
Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors?
What term is used for the reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type?
What term is used for the reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type?
Which of the following is a characteristic of dysplasia?
Which of the following is a characteristic of dysplasia?
What term is used for the abnormal mass of tissue whose growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues?
What term is used for the abnormal mass of tissue whose growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues?
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant tumors?
What term refers to the spread of a malignant tumor to a location discontinuous with the primary tumor?
What term refers to the spread of a malignant tumor to a location discontinuous with the primary tumor?
Which of the following is a morphological change associated with neoplasia?
Which of the following is a morphological change associated with neoplasia?
