Understanding GMOs: Definition and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the process through which a new gene is inserted into bacterial DNA at plasmid?

  • Recombination (correct)
  • Translation
  • Transcription
  • Replication

Which enzyme is used to cut DNA in the process of genetic modification?

  • Helicase enzyme
  • Restriction enzyme (correct)
  • Ligase enzyme
  • Polymerase enzyme

What is the aim of genetic modification in the context of GM foods?

  • Reducing the water content of food
  • Enhancing the color of food
  • Altering the nutrient content of food (correct)
  • Increasing the shelf life of food

In the context of GMOs, what is the first step in the process of creating genetically modified organisms?

<p>Identifying the desired trait in a plant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific shape of restriction enzyme that allows it to move along DNA?

<p>Linear shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DNA ligase do in the process of genetic modification?

<p>Attaches new DNA segment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of genetically modified (GM) foods?

<p>Decreased costs of production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of biofortification (BF) mentioned in the passage?

<p>To develop stable crops with higher nutrient levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified (GM) product that specifically targets to enrich certain nutrients or substances?

<p>Golden rice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage associated with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) mentioned in the passage?

<p>Possible new allergens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge related to GM foods mentioned in the passage?

<p>Expansion of population (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for developing GM foods with increased nutrient composition and food quality?

<p>To address undernourishment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit associated with biofortification (BF) through genetic engineering (GE)?

<p>Directed towards accumulation of non-existent target nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients/substances are specifically targeted for enrichment in some genetically modified (GM) products?

<p>Beta carotene and iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Golden Banana' is an example of a genetically modified (GM) product that aims to enrich which specific nutrient?

<p>Vitamin A (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of modifying the chemical composition in food, as mentioned in the passage?

<p>To enrich certain nutrients/substances having high therapeutic &amp; pro-health value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of stratified or tailored nutrition?

<p>Delivering nutritional intervention/advice suited to a specific group with shared characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does precision nutrition emphasize?

<p>Delivering nutritional intervention/advice suited to each individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'SNPs' refer to in the context of personalized meal plate based on genes?

<p>Single Nucleotide polymorphisms present in genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'book of life' refer to in the context of genetics?

<p>Genome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do nucleotides represent in the 'book of life'?

<p>Letters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spelling mistake' signify in the context of genetics?

<p>Genetic Variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between SNPs and Indels?

<p>SNPs involve the presence of different nucleotides at homologous positions, while Indels involve insertion or deletion of base pairs in a DNA segment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rationale behind the personalized nutrition approach?

<p>Why two individuals respond to the same diet in a different manner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of food availability on genetic patterns?

<p>It influences the evolution of lactase persistence trait (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does citric acid have on salivary amylase?

<p>It increases salivary amylase production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of exercise in relation to salivary amylase?

<p>It increases salivary amylase production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group has a higher plasma glucose response to starch ingestion according to the first graph?

<p>Low amylase (LA) group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of understanding genetic differences in carbohydrate metabolism?

<p>To develop practical dietary guidelines based on genes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

8

<p>To understand gene-environment interactions in lactase persistence trait (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific impact of amy1 gene copy numbers on carbohydrate response?

<p>Amy1 gene copy numbers influence response to starch ingestion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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