Understanding Genetics Concepts

Segregation = Separation of alleles during gamete formation Dominance = Some alleles mask others Independent Assortment = Genes for different traits separate independently Allele = Different forms of the same gene

Incomplete Dominance = Combined allelic effect creates different blended traits Codominance = Both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype Genotype = Genetic makeup of an organism Phenotype = Observable physical trait

Homozygous = Having two identical alleles for a trait Heterozygous = Having two different alleles for a trait Gamete = Haploid reproductive cell Fertilization = Fusion of male and female reproductive cells

<p>Trait = Specific characteristic of an organism Gene = Segment of DNA coding for a trait Genetics = Study of heredity and variation Probability = Likelihood of an expected outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Karyotype = Visual image of all chromosomes Punnett Square = Diagram to predict genetic crosses Hybrid = Offspring from cross between parents differing in traits Polygenic Trait = Trait determined by multiple genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis = Alleles separate into different gametes Segregation = During meiosis, alleles separate Gamete Formation = Haploid reproductive cells Fertilization = Formation of diploid zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dominant Allele = Allele that masks other allele's expression Recessive Allele = Allele masked by other allele's expression Alleles = Different forms of a gene Gene = Basic unit of heredity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eye Color = Example of a polygenic trait Green Pods = Example of a visible phenotype Plant Height = Can be affected by gene interactions Reproductive Cells = Carry half the genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.

Different forms of a gene.

The process where pairs of alleles separate during gamete formation.

Traits influenced by multiple genes, resulting in a wide range of phenotypes.

The likelihood that a specific event will occur.

The genetic makeup of an organism.

The physical characteristics that result from an organism's genotype.