Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which function of the Gram Sabha is primarily focused on financial accountability?
Which function of the Gram Sabha is primarily focused on financial accountability?
What role does the Gram Sabha play in community problem-solving?
What role does the Gram Sabha play in community problem-solving?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Gram Sabha?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Gram Sabha?
Which of the following best summarizes the purpose of raising demands in the Gram Sabha?
Which of the following best summarizes the purpose of raising demands in the Gram Sabha?
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How does the Gram Sabha contribute to participatory governance?
How does the Gram Sabha contribute to participatory governance?
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What aspect of the Gram Panchayat's performance is NOT typically reviewed by the Gram Sabha?
What aspect of the Gram Panchayat's performance is NOT typically reviewed by the Gram Sabha?
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What is the potential outcome of discussions held in the Gram Sabha?
What is the potential outcome of discussions held in the Gram Sabha?
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In terms of village governance, what is a critical function of the Gram Sabha in relation to the gram panchayat?
In terms of village governance, what is a critical function of the Gram Sabha in relation to the gram panchayat?
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Which of the following statements about the Gram Sabha is accurate?
Which of the following statements about the Gram Sabha is accurate?
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Which of these is a primary responsibility of the Gram Sabha concerning its members?
Which of these is a primary responsibility of the Gram Sabha concerning its members?
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Study Notes
Federalism Overview
- Federalism is a system of governance where power is divided between a central authority and smaller political units (states).
- In a unitary government, the central government holds more power than local entities, whereas in federalism, central and state governments operate independently.
Types of Federalism
- Coming Together Federation: Independent states unite voluntarily to form a federation.
- Holding Together Federation: A large country maintains unity by distributing power among various subunits while retaining central control.
Federalism in India
- India is not officially referred to as a federation in its constitution, yet operates on federal principles.
- Key features of Indian federalism include:
- A division of legislative powers among the central and state governments.
- Three lists categorize subjects: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
Legislative Powers in India
- Union List: Contains 100 subjects including defense, foreign affairs, and banking.
- State List: Comprises 62 subjects, such as police and agriculture.
- Concurrent List: Includes 47 shared subjects like education and adoption.
- Subjects not on any list are termed "Residuary Subjects" (e.g., information technology).
State Powers Variation
- Not all Indian states have the same level of power; some jurisdictions enjoy special powers.
- Small areas under central authority cannot be termed as states, with exceptions like Goa and Delhi.
Success Factors of Indian Federalism
- States are formed based on linguistic demographics, honoring majority languages.
- Regionally accepted languages include Hindi, and English retains status as an official language until its cessation in 1965.
- Political flexibility promotes peaceful coexistence among diverse language communities.
Decentralization in India
- Historically, state-central relationships were weak, with regional parties gaining strength post-1930s.
- Decentralization involves redistributing power from state governments to local levels.
- Panchayati Raj system enables local governance through Gram Panchayats.
Gram Panchayat
- Composed of Sarpanch and ward council members (1-51 members based on population).
- Requires a minimum population of 25000 for 21 members; populations below this may merge to form a group Gram Panchayat.
Gram Sabha
- Represents direct democracy where all voting age residents participate.
- Supervises Gram Panchayat, discussing and approving budgets, raising villagers’ demands, and addressing community problems.
Functions of Gram Sabha
- Reviews performance of the Gram Panchayat.
- Discusses and approves the annual budget.
- Raises demands for the local community.
- Provides a forum for discussing problems and solutions.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of federalism, comparing it with unitary forms of government. Learn about the structure, powers, and functions of different levels of government within a federal system. Test your knowledge on how federalism operates and its implications for governance.
