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Understanding Ethical Philosophy - General Ethics

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Understanding Ethical Philosophy - General Ethics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between Aristotle's and Plato's views on 'the good'?

Aristotle believes 'the good' lies in the consequences of an action, while Plato focuses on the action itself.

Aristotle views 'the good' as connected to practical life, while Plato believes it possesses independent existence. (correct)

Aristotle sees 'the good' as existing in another realm, while Plato sees it as a human act.

Aristotle believes 'the good' is an abstract idea, while Plato sees it as attainable through action.

What is the difference between a deontologist and a consequentialist?

Deontologists believe that goodness lies in the consequences of an action, while consequentialists believe it lies in the action itself. (correct)

Deontologists focus on the consequences of an action, while consequentialists focus on the action itself.

Deontologists concern themselves with norms of morality, while consequentialists focus on philosophical inquiries about good life.

Deontologists believe goodness is attainable by action, while consequentialists see it as an abstract idea.

According to the voluntarist conception, how is value determined?

Value depends solely on the consequences of an action.

Value is intrinsic and does not depend on being valued by individuals.

Value is attained through abstract philosophical inquiries about morality.

Value is determined by whether a thing is valued or not, having no intrinsic value. (correct)

What distinguishes cardinal virtues from theological virtues?

Cardinal virtues involve temperance, prudence, courage, and justice, while theological virtues include faith, hope, and love. Signup and view all the answers

What does a deontologist believe?

Goodness lies in an action itself. Signup and view all the answers

Which field of ethics is concerned with the rightness or wrongness of procedures performed in the practice of medicine and the provision of health care systems?

Bioethics/Biomedical Ethics Signup and view all the answers

The text states that $\textit{virtue}$ is a character. What does this imply about the nature of virtuous actions?

Virtuous actions can vary depending on the character of the person performing them. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ethics and logic?

Ethics and logic both aim at rectitude, with ethics aiming at right doing and logic aiming at right thinking. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text differentiate between ethics and psychology?

Psychology studies how man behaves, while ethics studies how man ought to behave. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ethics and sociology?

Ethics deals with the moral order, which includes the social order studied by sociology. Signup and view all the answers