Understanding ENSO and Ozone Depletion
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Understanding ENSO and Ozone Depletion

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@AttractiveLynx

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Questions and Answers

Which term gained prominence in the 1980s or later, along with La Niña?

  • ENSO
  • Southern Oscillation
  • Neutral (correct)
  • Ozone hole

    • What term was coined in the late 1960s to describe the connection between changes in the Pacific Ocean and the atmosphere?

  • Southern Oscillation
  • La Niña
  • ENSO (correct)
  • Neutral

    • What is the main cause of ozone depletion and the ozone hole?

  • Halocarbon refrigerants (correct)
  • Industrial waste pollution
  • Volcanic eruptions
  • Deforestation

    • Which phenomenon refers to the much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone around Earth's polar regions?

    <p>Ozone hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are ozone-depleting substances (ODS) transported into the stratosphere?

    <p>By turbulent mixing after emission from the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process catalyzes the breakdown of ozone (O3) into oxygen (O2) in the stratosphere?

    <p>Photodissociation of halogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the warming phase of the sea temperature known as?

    <p>El Niño</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atmospheric component is coupled with the sea temperature change during ENSO?

    <p>High air surface pressure in the tropical western Pacific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of the Walker circulation?

    <p>High air surface pressure over the eastern Pacific Ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does El Niño influence ocean temperatures?

    <p>By decreasing the strength of the Walker circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon results in cooler ocean temperatures due to increased upwelling?

    <p>La Niña</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for creating El Niño by causing above average ocean surface temperatures?

    <p>Low air surface pressure in the tropical western Pacific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main concern associated with ozone depletion?

    <p>Increased risks of skin cancer and cataracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which international agreement banned the production of ozone-depleting chemicals like CFCs and halons?

    <p>Montreal Protocol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the ban on ozone-depleting chemicals come into effect?

    <p>1989</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected timeline for the ozone hole to reach pre-1980 levels?

    <p>2075</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributed to the stabilization and recovery of ozone levels by the mid-1990s?

    <p>Reduced emissions of ozone-depleting chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 2019, what was significant about the ozone hole according to NASA's report?

    <p>It was the smallest since 1982.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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