CH 18: Understanding the processes and redox reactions taking place in electrolytic cells

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between electrolytic cells and galvanic cells?

  • Electrolytic cells use external electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous reactions. (correct)
  • Electrolytic cells generate electrical energy from chemical reactions.
  • Galvanic cells use external electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous reactions.
  • Galvanic cells rely on the movement of ions in solution.

In an electrolytic cell, which electrode is positive and why?

  • The anode is positive as it is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. (correct)
  • The anode is positive to allow reduction.
  • The cathode is positive as it is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.
  • The cathode is positive to allow oxidation.

What occurs at the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

  • Cations move towards it.
  • Oxidation takes place.
  • Reduction takes place. (correct)
  • Anions move towards it.

What happens to cations and anions in an electrolytic cell?

<p>Cations move towards the anode, anions towards the cathode. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of electroplating?

<p>To deposit a layer of metal onto an object. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the electroplating of an iron spoon with silver, what serves as the cathode where silver ions are reduced and deposited?

<p>The iron spoon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the refining of copper through electrolysis, what happens at the anode?

<p>Impure copper is oxidized, releasing copper ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is produced during the electrolysis of a concentrated sodium chloride solution (brine)?

<p>Chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of schematic diagrams in the context of electrolysis processes?

<p>Both (a) and (b) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the importance of understanding electrolytic cells?

<p>It helps comprehend their widespread applications in modern technology and industry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of electroplating an iron spoon with silver?

<p>To provide a silver coating for desirable appearance or corrosion resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the electrolysis of sodium chloride, what is produced at the cathode?

<p>Hydrogen gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to impure copper during the refining process using electrolysis?

<p>It serves as the anode and deposits at the cathode as pure copper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mercury, diaphragm, and membrane cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

<p>Each provides a specific configuration for the chlor-alkali industry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits of using schematic diagrams in understanding electrolysis processes?

<p>To simplify the principles behind electrolytic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process ensures the production of high-purity copper?

<p>Refining of Copper using electrolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is transferred from the impure anode to the cathode during copper refining?

<p>$Cu$ atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand electrolytic cells in modern technology and industry?

<p>To highlight their significance in various applications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does each specific configuration of mercury, diaphragm, and membrane cells provide in the chlor-alkali industry?

<p>Each offers unique advantages for sodium chloride electrolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does pure copper play in the refining process where impure copper serves as the anode?

<p>Pure copper is deposited at the cathode. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is used to drive non-spontaneous chemical reactions in electrolytic cells?

<p>External electrical energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electrolytic cell, where do cations move towards?

<p>Cathode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed at the anode during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

<p>$Cl_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deposited at the cathode during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

<p>$Cu$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In electroplating, what process involves depositing a layer of metal onto an object?

<p>Electrodeposition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrode in an electrolytic cell is connected to the negative pole of the power supply?

<p>Cathode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives electrons flow from the anode to the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

<p>$e^-$ flow in the external circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the decomposition of copper(II) chloride into copper metal and chlorine gas, what happens at the cathode?

<p>$Cu^{2+}$ gains electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$CuCl_2$ decomposes into chlorine gas and copper at different locations in an electrolytic cell. Where does this decomposition occur?

<p>At both the anode and cathode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major difference between galvanic cells and electrolytic cells based on the provided information?

<p>Galvanic cells involve spontaneous redox reactions, while electrolytic cells involve non-spontaneous redox reactions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sodium hydroxide in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

<p>To neutralize the solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the electrolytic cell for refining copper, what is the purpose of impure copper serving as the anode?

<p>To oxidize into copper ions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a membrane cell in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

<p>To separate the anode and cathode compartments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the electrolysis of brine in the chlor-alkali industry contribute to environmental impacts?

<p>Generates toxic fumes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for impurities to remain at the anode during the copper refining process?

<p>To ensure a high-purity copper deposit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of using mercury cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

<p>Mercury poisoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the production of high-purity copper through electrolysis, what is one potential hazard associated with working with impure copper?

<p>Elevated levels of heavy metal exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason for using diaphragm cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

<p>To prevent mixing of cathode and anode products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the anode in an electrolytic cell?

<p>To cause oxidation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride, what is the role of Cl⁻ ions?

<p>Move towards anode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall cell reaction during the decomposition of copper(II) chloride in an electrolytic cell?

<p>CuCl₂ → Cl₂ + Cu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electrolytic cell, which electrode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply?

<p>Cathode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to copper ions during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

<p>Undergo reduction at the cathode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrode in an electrolytic cell attracts anions?

<p>Anode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives cations towards the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

<p>Movement of Cl⁻ ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an electrolytic cell, what flows through the external circuit?

<p>$e^-$ from anode to cathode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of electrons in an electrolytic cell?

<p>Facilitate oxidation at the anode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cations in an electrolytic cell?

<p>Facilitate reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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