CH 18: Understanding the processes and redox reactions taking place in electrolytic cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between electrolytic cells and galvanic cells?

  • Electrolytic cells use external electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous reactions. (correct)
  • Electrolytic cells generate electrical energy from chemical reactions.
  • Galvanic cells use external electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous reactions.
  • Galvanic cells rely on the movement of ions in solution.

    • In an electrolytic cell, which electrode is positive and why?

  • The anode is positive as it is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. (correct)
  • The anode is positive to allow reduction.
  • The cathode is positive as it is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.
  • The cathode is positive to allow oxidation.

    • What occurs at the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

  • Cations move towards it.
  • Oxidation takes place.
  • Reduction takes place. (correct)
  • Anions move towards it.

    • What happens to cations and anions in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Cations move towards the anode, anions towards the cathode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electroplating?

    <p>To deposit a layer of metal onto an object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the electroplating of an iron spoon with silver, what serves as the cathode where silver ions are reduced and deposited?

    <p>The iron spoon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the refining of copper through electrolysis, what happens at the anode?

    <p>Impure copper is oxidized, releasing copper ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is produced during the electrolysis of a concentrated sodium chloride solution (brine)?

    <p>Chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of schematic diagrams in the context of electrolysis processes?

    <p>Both (a) and (b)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the importance of understanding electrolytic cells?

    <p>It helps comprehend their widespread applications in modern technology and industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of electroplating an iron spoon with silver?

    <p>To provide a silver coating for desirable appearance or corrosion resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the electrolysis of sodium chloride, what is produced at the cathode?

    <p>Hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to impure copper during the refining process using electrolysis?

    <p>It serves as the anode and deposits at the cathode as pure copper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mercury, diaphragm, and membrane cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

    <p>Each provides a specific configuration for the chlor-alkali industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of using schematic diagrams in understanding electrolysis processes?

    <p>To simplify the principles behind electrolytic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process ensures the production of high-purity copper?

    <p>Refining of Copper using electrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is transferred from the impure anode to the cathode during copper refining?

    <p>$Cu$ atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand electrolytic cells in modern technology and industry?

    <p>To highlight their significance in various applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does each specific configuration of mercury, diaphragm, and membrane cells provide in the chlor-alkali industry?

    <p>Each offers unique advantages for sodium chloride electrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does pure copper play in the refining process where impure copper serves as the anode?

    <p>Pure copper is deposited at the cathode.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is used to drive non-spontaneous chemical reactions in electrolytic cells?

    <p>External electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an electrolytic cell, where do cations move towards?

    <p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed at the anode during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

    <p>$Cl_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is deposited at the cathode during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

    <p>$Cu$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In electroplating, what process involves depositing a layer of metal onto an object?

    <p>Electrodeposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrode in an electrolytic cell is connected to the negative pole of the power supply?

    <p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives electrons flow from the anode to the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>$e^-$ flow in the external circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the decomposition of copper(II) chloride into copper metal and chlorine gas, what happens at the cathode?

    <p>$Cu^{2+}$ gains electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $CuCl_2$ decomposes into chlorine gas and copper at different locations in an electrolytic cell. Where does this decomposition occur?

    <p>At both the anode and cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major difference between galvanic cells and electrolytic cells based on the provided information?

    <p>Galvanic cells involve spontaneous redox reactions, while electrolytic cells involve non-spontaneous redox reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using sodium hydroxide in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

    <p>To neutralize the solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the electrolytic cell for refining copper, what is the purpose of impure copper serving as the anode?

    <p>To oxidize into copper ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a membrane cell in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

    <p>To separate the anode and cathode compartments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the electrolysis of brine in the chlor-alkali industry contribute to environmental impacts?

    <p>Generates toxic fumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for impurities to remain at the anode during the copper refining process?

    <p>To ensure a high-purity copper deposit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant consequence of using mercury cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

    <p>Mercury poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the production of high-purity copper through electrolysis, what is one potential hazard associated with working with impure copper?

    <p>Elevated levels of heavy metal exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason for using diaphragm cells in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

    <p>To prevent mixing of cathode and anode products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the anode in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>To cause oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride, what is the role of Cl⁻ ions?

    <p>Move towards anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall cell reaction during the decomposition of copper(II) chloride in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>CuCl₂ → Cl₂ + Cu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an electrolytic cell, which electrode is connected to the negative pole of the power supply?

    <p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to copper ions during the electrolysis of copper(II) chloride?

    <p>Undergo reduction at the cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrode in an electrolytic cell attracts anions?

    <p>Anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives cations towards the cathode in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Movement of Cl⁻ ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an electrolytic cell, what flows through the external circuit?

    <p>$e^-$ from anode to cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of electrons in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Facilitate oxidation at the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cations in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Facilitate reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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