Understanding Dysphagia and Its Consequences

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What is the definition of dysphagia?

A neurological disorder that affects swallowing.

A type of malnutrition caused by difficulty swallowing.

A condition where food gets stuck in the throat.

A swallowing disorder involving the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction. (correct)

What are the consequences of untreated dysphagia?

Malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia.

Chronic lung disease and increased cost of care.

Malnutrition, dehydration, and chronic lung disease.

All of the above. (correct)

What is the incidence of dysphagia among inpatients aged 55 years and above in the US?

64%

22% (correct)

55%

3%

What are the common causes of dysphagia?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) in the assessment and management of dysphagia?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence of dysphagia among inpatients aged 45 years or older in the US?

3% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a swallowing screening?

To determine the need for comprehensive assessment and make necessary referrals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a swallowing screening test?

The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the non-instrumental examination in a comprehensive swallowing assessment?

To determine the presence or absence of signs and symptoms of dysphagia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically considered in the non-instrumental examination of a comprehensive swallowing assessment?

Instrumental examination of swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an instrumental examination used in a comprehensive swallowing assessment?

Videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the non-instrumental examination in a comprehensive swallowing assessment?

Instrumental evaluation of swallowing function Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)?

To observe the hypopharynx and larynx during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What are some considerations for performing a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)?

The patient must be able to follow complex commands Signup and view all the answers

What are three main problems that can be detected by FEES?

Inability to initiate a timely swallow, inadequate airway protection, incomplete bolus clearance Signup and view all the answers

What are some problems that can be observed during a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES)?

Residue after swallow, laryngeal penetration, aspiration Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) according to the text?

Inability to visualize the oral phase of swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to use dye (green/blue) with food during FEES?

To add color contrast for tracking the bolus and residues Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'pharyngeal squeeze' during swallowing?

To initiate movement of pharyngeal structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES)?

It allows direct visualization of the pharynx during swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a risk associated with endoscopy?

Esophageal perforation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of assessing medications that may affect swallowing?

To identify potential causes or contributors to dysphagia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a speech-language pathologist (SLP) in dysphagia management?

To provide recommendations based on assessment findings Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'white-out' refer to in the context of swallowing evaluations?

The inability to visualize the bolus due to reflections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of oral feeding with diet modification?

Using a straw Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration when selecting the appropriate tube for alternative nutrition and hydration (ANH)?

Nature of the patient's medical condition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of alternative nutrition and hydration (ANH) mentioned in the text?

Intravenous (IV) nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between indirect and direct swallowing therapy?

Indirect therapy involves swallowing exercises without food, while direct therapy involves swallowing food Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a consideration when using alternative means of nutrition?

Patient's socioeconomic status Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which type of tube would be appropriate for a patient with a progressive disease and severe dysphagia?

Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) Signup and view all the answers