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Questions and Answers
What defines a natural event as a hazard?
What defines a natural event as a hazard?
When does a hazard become classified as a disaster?
When does a hazard become classified as a disaster?
What does vulnerability refer to in the context of hazards?
What does vulnerability refer to in the context of hazards?
Which of the following factors can increase exposure to hazards?
Which of the following factors can increase exposure to hazards?
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Which group of individuals is categorized as socially vulnerable during disasters?
Which group of individuals is categorized as socially vulnerable during disasters?
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Which of the following best describes 'exposure' in relation to natural hazards?
Which of the following best describes 'exposure' in relation to natural hazards?
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What role does infrastructure quality play in vulnerability?
What role does infrastructure quality play in vulnerability?
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Natural resources can be exposed to hazards such as:
Natural resources can be exposed to hazards such as:
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What is a major factor contributing to economic vulnerability in businesses?
What is a major factor contributing to economic vulnerability in businesses?
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Which group is likely to lose their livelihoods more easily during a disaster?
Which group is likely to lose their livelihoods more easily during a disaster?
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What type of vulnerability refers to disasters impacting communities accessed to basic resources?
What type of vulnerability refers to disasters impacting communities accessed to basic resources?
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Which of the following can contribute to health vulnerability during a disaster?
Which of the following can contribute to health vulnerability during a disaster?
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What is a result of weak government or emergency services during a disaster?
What is a result of weak government or emergency services during a disaster?
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What kind of infrastructure is more likely to be damaged during natural disasters?
What kind of infrastructure is more likely to be damaged during natural disasters?
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How can insurance and government support affect vulnerability after a disaster?
How can insurance and government support affect vulnerability after a disaster?
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What does the term 'hazards' refer to in relation to disasters?
What does the term 'hazards' refer to in relation to disasters?
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What term describes the ability to forecast when a hazard will occur and its potential severity?
What term describes the ability to forecast when a hazard will occur and its potential severity?
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What type of waves are responsible for the most damage during an earthquake?
What type of waves are responsible for the most damage during an earthquake?
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Which type of hazard impact pertains to loss of life and injuries?
Which type of hazard impact pertains to loss of life and injuries?
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What is the focus of an earthquake?
What is the focus of an earthquake?
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Which of the following best describes the complexity of a hazard?
Which of the following best describes the complexity of a hazard?
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What is the spatial extent of a hazard?
What is the spatial extent of a hazard?
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Aftershocks occur in relation to which of the following?
Aftershocks occur in relation to which of the following?
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What type of impact includes damage to ecosystems and natural resources?
What type of impact includes damage to ecosystems and natural resources?
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Flashcards
Natural Event
Natural Event
A natural occurrence such as volcanic eruptions or typhoons.
Hazard
Hazard
A natural event becomes a hazard when it can cause harm or damage.
Disaster
Disaster
A hazard turns into a disaster when it causes widespread destruction.
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
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Capacity
Capacity
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Exposure
Exposure
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Social Vulnerability
Social Vulnerability
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Natural Resource Exposure
Natural Resource Exposure
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Economic Vulnerability
Economic Vulnerability
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Supply Chain Hazards
Supply Chain Hazards
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Resource Access
Resource Access
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Health Vulnerability
Health Vulnerability
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Physical Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerability
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Institutional Vulnerability
Institutional Vulnerability
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Health Conditions
Health Conditions
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Climatic Vulnerability
Climatic Vulnerability
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Predictability of Hazards
Predictability of Hazards
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Spatial/Temporal Extent
Spatial/Temporal Extent
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Complexity of Hazards
Complexity of Hazards
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Epicenter
Epicenter
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Seismic Waves
Seismic Waves
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Aftershocks
Aftershocks
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Types of Hazard Impacts
Types of Hazard Impacts
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Study Notes
Understanding Disasters and Hazards
- A disaster is an event causing widespread destruction, damage, or loss of life, disrupting normal community functioning.
- A disaster is defined as a significant disruption of community/society, involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses, exceeding the affected community's ability to cope using its own resources.
- Disasters can be natural (earthquakes, hurricanes) or man-made (industrial accidents, chemical spills).
Disaster Risk
- Disaster risk is the probability of a natural or man-made disaster happening in a specific location, and the potential impact on people, property, and the environment.
- Disaster risk is evaluated by frequency (how often hazards occur), severity (level of damage), vulnerability (susceptibility of people, infrastructure, and systems to a hazard), and resilience (ability of a community to respond and recover).
- Elements of disaster risk include hazard (natural or human-induced event), exposure (presence of people, property, infrastructure in a hazardous area), vulnerability (susceptibility of a community/region to harm), and capacity (ability of a community/region to prepare, respond, and recover from disasters).
When Does a Natural Event Become a Hazard?
- A natural event becomes a hazard when it has the potential to harm people, property, and the environment.
When Does a Hazard Become a Disaster?
- A hazard becomes a disaster when it results in widespread destruction, damage, loss of life, and disrupts the normal functioning of a community or society.
The Philippines and Natural Disasters
- The Philippines is highly prone to natural disasters due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire (high seismic and volcanic activity), frequent typhoons, floods, and landslides.
- The country experiences regular earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and typhoons, damaging communities and infrastructure.
Deeper Understanding of Exposure
- Exposure refers to the proximity or presence of people or things to a hazard.
- Various elements can be exposed to hazards (people, infrastructure, natural resources, electronic systems, business operations, supply chains).
Key Factors of Vulnerability
- Physical Vulnerability: Poorly built homes/infrastructure, areas near coasts or floodplains are more vulnerable to disasters.
- Environmental Vulnerability: Damage to natural resources makes areas more vulnerable to disasters (floods, landslides).
- Social Vulnerability: Population density, inequality, community support, and lack of economic resources increase vulnerability.
- Economic Vulnerability: Reliance on agriculture or low-paying jobs, limited resources (money/food/healthcare), lack of insurance/support.
- Health Vulnerability: Areas with limited healthcare access, people with existing health conditions are more vulnerable to disasters.
- Institutional Vulnerability: Weak Government/Emergency services, lack of preparedness.
- Cultural/Psychological Vulnerability: Cultural beliefs/practices, psychological readiness, dependence on technology.
Basic Concepts of Hazards
- Hazards are events (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods) with potential to damage humans and their environment.
- Hazards become hazards when they threaten people and their environments.
- Types of hazards include geological, hydro-meteorological, biological, and societal.
Characteristics of Hazards
- Frequency: How often a hazard occurs (rare, occasional, frequent).
- Severity: Extent of damage/harm (minor, moderate, severe).
- Predictability: Ability to forecast when and how severe a hazard will be.
- Spatial/Temporal Extent: How wide/long a hazard impacts (local, regional, global).
Impacts of Hazards
- Hazards have various impacts—physical (damage to infrastructure), economic (loss of income), social (loss of life), environmental (damage to resources), psychological (trauma/stress), public health (illnesses), technological (damage to systems), political (changes in policies).
Parts of an Earthquake
- Focus: The spot inside the Earth where the earthquake starts.
- Epicenter: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.
- Fault: A crack in the Earth's surface where the earthquake happens.
- Seismic Waves: Waves that carry energy through the Earth causing shaking.
- P-waves: Fast waves that move in a back-and-forth motion.
- S-waves: Slower waves that move side-to-side.
- Surface Waves: Slower waves that cause the most damage on the Earth's surface.
- Aftershocks: Smaller earthquakes after the main earthquake.
- Tectonic Plates: Large pieces of the Earth's surface that move, causing earthquakes at their edges.
- Magnitude: How strong an earthquake is based on energy release—same everywhere.
- Intensity: How much shaking is felt (and damage caused), and varies by location.
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Description
This quiz explores the definitions and concepts surrounding disasters and hazards. It delves into natural and man-made disasters, their impacts, and the evaluation of disaster risk. Test your knowledge on how communities respond and recover from different types of disasters.
