Understanding Digital Etiquette and PDPA

Digital Etiquette

• Digital etiquette refers to the accepted standards of behavior on social media and in online interactions
• It aims to make the internet a safer and better environment

Key Aspects of Digital Etiquette

• E-access involves understanding the privilege of using electronic resources, includes having reliable access
• E-literacy means using technology appropriately; highlights that online behavior has significant offline repercussions
• E-rule governs communication and technology usage, including respecting ownership and authorship
• E-safety encompasses measures and practices that Netizens use to protect their personal safety and the security of their networks

Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) Objectives

• PDPA seeks to protect personal information while enabling businesses to collect, use, or share data for legitimate reasons
• It is applicable to personal information in both electronic and non-electronic formats
• It does not apply to personal/domestic use, employee data or public agencies
• Most Malaysian businesses are considered PDPA data users - due to the frequency of handling personal data

Cyber Security

• It includes protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks
• Cybersecurity threats are conducted by malicious individuals aiming to steal data and disrupt systems

Cyber Crime: Phishing

• Phishing occurs when victims receive emails or SMS from entities impersonating legitimate companies such as banks or LHDN requesting updates to internet banking details
• Clicking on links or attachments within these malicious emails leads to a fake website
• This fake website fools the victim into inputting banking details
• Culminating in the suspect transferring money out of the victim's account

Cyber Crime: Online Fraud

• Cyber criminals make connections with victims through emails, websites, chat rooms, and social media to commit online fraud
• By exploiting victims' trust, criminals deceive and manipulate them into giving up confidential information or money
• Online fraud includes scams; miracle cures; requests for advance fees for credit cards; parcel scams; shopping and auction sites fraud; mule recruitment; fake PC errors; fake check scams; identity theft; business opportunities; fake relatives in distress; foreign lottery schemes; secret shopper scams; phishing emails; prize winner scams; charity donations and love scams

Cyber Crime: Ransomware

• This malware type can block or change the information present on a computer's hard drive
• Cybercriminals request a ransom in exchange for restoring access
• It's not guaranteed that paying the ransom will restore computer access, or blocked data

Cyber Crime: Botnets

• A bot is a type of malware that enables an attacker to take control of a personal computer
• Botnets are networks of infected machines globally
• Computers are infected without owners’ awareness
• Botnets carry out sending spam, viruses, spyware alongside stealing sensitive information (banking credentials and social security numbers)

Cyber Crime: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)

• A DDoS attack utilizes thousands of compromised machine using multiple computers to attack the access to a system
• The network resource can be a machine, a website etc
• The end system and all the controlled bots can all be affected and the system is usually worldwide via botnets

Cyber Crime: Denial-of-Service (DoS)

• DoS attacks flood a server with traffic, making sites unavailable

Cyber Crime: DDoS

• A DDoS attack uses multiple computers flood the system
• This overloads the attacked server and causes trade and monetary losses

Cyber Crime: Cybersquatting

• This type of brand abuse is often called domain squatting
• It occurs when a perpetrator registers a domain that resembles a business or celebrity name without permission

Cybersquatting Example

• AAA an ecommerce company uses the URL AAA.com
• An attacker creates a clone website using AAAstore.com - which can potential damage customer relations and confidence in the AAA brand

Cyber Crime: Love Scams

• Suspects contact victims through social media and impersonating foreign professionals from other countries
• Scammers feign overseas gifts to attempt extracting funds
• Scammers then request payment or ask the victim to pay another party

7 Steps to Avoid Cyber Crime

• Do not use USB sticks from unknown sources
• Be aware of unexpected emails
• Protect your cards
• Treat your passwords like underwear
• Watch the WiFi
• Use social media wisely
• Protect your website

How to Avoid Cyber Crime Tips

• Buy secure sleeves to protect your cards
• Have a contingency plan for your website
• Always update passwords
• Be wary of public Wifi
• Always be aware of people around you
• Use a code when protecting your passwords

The Effects of Cyber Crime

• Cyber Crime has had 6 key effects
• Businesses can experience disruption by DDoS and Malware attacks that interrupt Business operations
• Security breaches may result in loss of trust from customers
• The risk of leaking strategies to the competition
• Malware and extorsion cost businesses money
• Legal fees and regulatory processes carry high fees
• Customer loyalty suffers and is hard to win back

Fake News

• Disinformation shared via online platforms may not be entirely true
• People can be misled into believing fake news
• False information is commonly seen on the internet
• Important to trace the origin of the media you consume online
• Double check sources

Fake News Impact

• There can be serious implications from online disinformation
• Government and businesses lack credibility due to fake news
• Online unity is threatened and can result in public unrest - by swayed beliefs

Identity Theft: Definition

• Stealing personal information to commit fraud

Types of Identity Theft

• Offline identity theft involves stealing physical records and compiling data
• Digital encompasses compiling leaked data online