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Questions and Answers
A group of scientists studying the impact of climate change on coral reefs in the Philippines is primarily using what type of knowledge?
A group of scientists studying the impact of climate change on coral reefs in the Philippines is primarily using what type of knowledge?
A Filipino family uses a traditional method passed down through generations to preserve food and prevent spoilage. What type of knowledge are they applying?
A Filipino family uses a traditional method passed down through generations to preserve food and prevent spoilage. What type of knowledge are they applying?
In a remote village, a group of villagers regularly perform rituals to appease a mountain spirit believed to control the weather. What type of knowledge are they primarily relying on?
In a remote village, a group of villagers regularly perform rituals to appease a mountain spirit believed to control the weather. What type of knowledge are they primarily relying on?
A doctor diagnosing a patient's illness based on their symptoms and medical history is primarily using what type of knowledge?
A doctor diagnosing a patient's illness based on their symptoms and medical history is primarily using what type of knowledge?
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A group of Filipino artisans are crafting intricate designs using traditional techniques and tools. What type of knowledge are they applying?
A group of Filipino artisans are crafting intricate designs using traditional techniques and tools. What type of knowledge are they applying?
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A young Filipino student is learning about the importance of environmental conservation and sustainable practices, which are based on what type of knowledge?
A young Filipino student is learning about the importance of environmental conservation and sustainable practices, which are based on what type of knowledge?
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A group of farmers in the Philippines uses traditional farming methods passed down through generations to cultivate rice. What type of knowledge are they primarily applying?
A group of farmers in the Philippines uses traditional farming methods passed down through generations to cultivate rice. What type of knowledge are they primarily applying?
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A Filipino family seeks guidance from a shaman to understand a dream they believe holds a message from their ancestors. What type of knowledge are they seeking?
A Filipino family seeks guidance from a shaman to understand a dream they believe holds a message from their ancestors. What type of knowledge are they seeking?
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What is one of the key aspects of the cognitive component of culture?
What is one of the key aspects of the cognitive component of culture?
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Which of these options is NOT a component of culture?
Which of these options is NOT a component of culture?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of culture?
Which of the following is a characteristic of culture?
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Why is language considered a core component of culture?
Why is language considered a core component of culture?
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Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to cultural differences?
Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to cultural differences?
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What is the difference between mores and folkways?
What is the difference between mores and folkways?
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What is the definition of a 'belief' according to the text?
What is the definition of a 'belief' according to the text?
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What makes culture dynamic?
What makes culture dynamic?
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What is the primary function of mores in society?
What is the primary function of mores in society?
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Which of the following is an example of acculturation?
Which of the following is an example of acculturation?
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What is the core principle of cultural relativism?
What is the core principle of cultural relativism?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of "material culture"?
Which of the following best describes the concept of "material culture"?
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How does culture enable humans to overcome physical limitations?
How does culture enable humans to overcome physical limitations?
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What is the primary difference between mores and folkways?
What is the primary difference between mores and folkways?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes laws?
Which of the following statements accurately describes laws?
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What is the significance of enculturation in the transmission of culture?
What is the significance of enculturation in the transmission of culture?
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Study Notes
Culture Defined
- Culture is the set of learned behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals that define a specific society or population group.
- Culture encompasses learned norms, values, knowledge, artifacts, language, and symbols shared by people with a common way of life.
- Culture is the sum total of symbols, ideas, expressions, and material products of a societal system.
Factors Affecting Cultural Differences
- History
- Social backgrounds
- Religion
- Technology
- Educational backgrounds
- Ethnic origins
- Ecology
Characteristics of Culture
- Culture is learned.
- Culture is shared by a group.
- Culture is cumulative.
- Cultures change.
- Culture is dynamic.
- Culture is ideational.
- Culture is diverse.
- Cultures have a range of permissible behaviors.
Components of Culture
A. Communication
- Language
- Symbols
B. Cognitive
- Ideas
- Knowledge
- Beliefs
- Values
- Accounts
C. Behavioral
- Norms
- Mores
- Laws
- Folkways
- Rituals
D. Material
- Tools
- Medicines
- Books
- Transportation
- Technologies
Communication Component
- Language defines humanity, forming the core of culture.
- Shared language reveals a condensed, flexible system of symbols and meanings.
- Language enables communication beyond basic forms like grunts and gestures.
- Language supports symbolic interaction and non-verbal communication.
Cognitive Component - Ideas/Knowledge/Beliefs
- Ideas are mental representations (concepts, categories, metaphors) used to understand the world.
- Knowledge is the accumulation of facts, information, and assumptions.
- Beliefs are propositions, statements, or descriptions of facts accepted as true.
- Knowledge is categorized as natural, technological, supernatural, and magical.
Cognitive Component - Types of Knowledge
- Natural Knowledge encompasses biological and physical aspects of the natural world.
- Technological Knowledge is used for practical problem-solving.
- Supernatural Knowledge concerns perceptions of divine forces and spiritual beings.
- Magical Knowledge involves influencing supernatural events using nature's laws.
How Culture is Transmitted
- Enculturation: The process of learning one's own cultural upbringing, including folkways, mores, social traditions, beliefs, and values.
- Acculturation: The process of acquiring traits from another culture, as exemplified by people adapting to urban customs when migrating.
Importance and Functions of Culture
- Culture empowers individuals to reach their full potential.
- Culture helps overcome physical limitations, enabling humans to create shelters, tools, food, and clothing.
- Culture defines standards of conduct within a society.
- Culture shapes concepts of family, nation, and social class.
Cultural Relativism
- Cultural relativism is an approach to understanding cultural values, recognizing that cultures have varying values and beliefs.
- It's an anthropological perspective asserting that all cultures are equally valid and deserve neutral study.
- Cultural relativism acknowledges cultural differences in practices deemed immoral or taboo in some groups but accepted in others.
Key Terms
- Ethnocentrism: The belief that one's own culture is superior to others.
- Xenocentrism: The belief that other cultures are superior to one's own.
- Temporocentrism: The belief that one's own time period is superior to others.
- Culture Shock: Confusion and disorientation resulting from exposure to a new culture.
- Culture Lag: When culture takes time to adapt to technological advancements.
- Subculture: A distinct culture within a larger culture.
- Counterculture: A subculture that challenges or opposes the larger societal culture.
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Description
Explore the fundamental aspects of culture including its definitions, characteristics, and components. This quiz delves into the different factors influencing cultural differences and the dynamics of cultural change. Test your knowledge on how cultures shape our beliefs, values, and behaviors.
