Understanding Contract of Sale and Invitation to Treat Quiz

What is the central notion of a contract?

According to Sir Federick Pollock, what is a contract?

Which element is not required for a valid contract?

What is essential for a valid offer according to the law?

In a contract, what follows a valid offer?

Which term represents a promise or set of promises for the breach of which the law gives a remedy?

Based on the case of Lefkowitz v Great Minneapolis Stores, what did the US court consider the advertisement to be?

In the case of Carlill vs. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.Ltd, what type of advertisement was considered to be an offer?

According to Justice Murphy in the case of Lefkowitz v Great Minneapolis Stores, what determines whether a newspaper advertisement is an offer or an invitation to make an offer?

What was the outcome for the plaintiff in the case of Lefkowitz v Great Minneapolis Stores after appearing at the seller's place of business?

What concept did the Divisional Court rely on to quash the appellant's conviction in offering a wild live bird for sale?

In the context of advertisements, what did Justice Murphy consider as necessary for an offer to be clear and explicit?

In an auction sale without a reserve price, what may it constitute to the highest bidder?

According to the case of WARLOW v HARRISON (1859) 29 LJ QB 14, what did the Plaintiff challenge in the auction sale?

What did Baron Martin state in the case of WARLOW v HARRISON regarding the relationship between the auctioneer and the Plaintiff?

Which law regulates auction sales according to the text provided?

What does an announcement about goods being put up for auction signify according to the text?

In an auction sale, which of the following statements is true regarding the goods displayed?

According to PAYNE v CAVE (1789), what happens if a bidder withdraws their bid before the auctioneer's hammer falls?

In the case of HARRIS v NICKERSON (1873), what did Harris sue the auctioneer for?

What was the outcome in GRAINGER & SON v GOUGH (1896) regarding price lists, catalogues, and brochures?

What constitutes an offer in an auction sale according to the information provided?

Which case established that withdrawing a bid before its acceptance constitutes no contract?

When is a sale by auction deemed complete?

In a sale by auction, what action can a bidder take until the auctioneer announces the completion of the sale?

What happens in a sale by auction when the auctioneer refuses to accept the highest bid in a 'without reserve' sale?

When can the seller or their representative make a bid in a sale by auction?

What type of bid can the seller or their representative make in a sale by auction that is subject to a reserve price?

What defines each lot in a sale by auction?