Consciousness and attention

Refers to our awareness of our internal and external experiences, including perception, thoughts, emotions, and self awareness, which we experience by focusing on the world or reflecting on our thoughts

The ability to recognize and respond to stimuli

We can focus on specific information while ignoring others

Our consciousness flows smoothly, creating a sense of personal identity

It ranges fron full alertness to states like sleep and unconscious processing

It studies how our mind process, comprehend, and apply information, focusing on conscious and unconscious mind interactions.

It explains how we observe, recall, learn, and make decisions in daily life, highlighting the importance of conscious and unconscious mind interactions

Colin cherry conducted an experiment using______where different stimuli are presented to the left and right ears

Participants focused on the _____ while ignoring the other

It is the ability to focus on one conversation in a noisy environment while filtering out others.

Holds all incoming information for a fraction of second

Processes selected information for meaning

Selects attended message based on physical characteristics (voice, pitoh, speed)

Stores attended information temporarily and transfers some to long term memory

Some detected their name in the unattended ear

Dear aunt jane experiments suggest meaning also influences attention

Proposed a "leaky filter" allowing some unattended messages though

Analyzes the incoming message in terms of its physical characteristics, language, and its meaning.

Whether it is high pitched or low pitched, fast or slow

How the message groups into syllables or words

How sequences of words creative meaningful phrases

Propose that all incoming information is processed for meaning before a filtering mechanism determines what enters conscious awareness

Participants heard an ambiguous sentence in the attended ear. At the same time, a biasing word was played in the unattended ear. Later, when asked to interpret the sentence, participants choices were influenced by the unattended word-suggesting it was processed for meaning

Proposed that all stimuli are processed for meaning before selection occurs. Selection happens only at the response stage, meaning we consciously act at the most relevant information.

It refers to the amount of information people can handle and sets a limit on their ability to process incoming information

Related to the difficulty of the task

States that low-load task that uses few cognitive resources may leave resources available for processing unattended task irrelevant stimuli, whereas high load task that use all of a persons cognitive resources dont leave any resources to process unattended task-irrelevant stimulu

This effect occurs because the names of the words cause a competing response and therefore slow responding to the target- the color of the ink.

In this effect, the task irrelevant stimuli are extremely powerful, because the reading words is highly practiced and has become so automatic that it is difficult not to read them

Involve shifting our gaze from one part of the scene to another to focus on different object or areas.

The area you are directly looking at, where the most detailed vision occurs.

The area outside the central vision, where detail is less sharp, but it is crucial for detecting movement and providing context for what we see in central vision

A small area in the retina where visual acuity is highest. It is responsible for sharp central vision

When the eye stops on a particular point to acquire visual information

Rapid, jerky movement of the eye as it changes fixation from one point to another

When attention is directed by moving the eyes to look at the object of interest

It refers to the physical properties of a stimulus, such as color, contrast, movement, and orientation, which make it stand out and capture attention

A visual representation that indicates which parts of a scene are likely to attract attention based on stimulus salience

Involve a persons knowledge, goals, and expectations, which influence where and how they direct their attention in a scene

Knowledge about what is typically found in a particular scene. This influences where we direct our attention based on what we expect to see

Refers to the specific requirements of the task at hand, which dictates where a person needs to focus their attention

Moving eyes to focus on important things, making object easier to see

Shifting focus without moving the eyes, also known as "looking out of the corner of the eye"