Understanding Cancer Chemotherapy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer?

  • Loss of appetite and weight loss
  • Decreased cell proliferation
  • Defect in the normal control mechanisms governing cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation (correct)
  • Increased differentiation of cells

Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

  • Hormonal therapy
  • Cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs
  • Antibiotics
  • Cell cycle-specific (CCS) drugs (correct)

What is the most common cause of cancer in the United States?

  • Genetic mutations
  • Viral infections
  • Exposure to ionizing radiation
  • Chemical carcinogens like tobacco smoke (correct)

Which viruses are associated with certain types of cancer?

<p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of environmental carcinogens mentioned in the text?

<p>Azo dyes and asbestos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs?

<p>Killing tumor cells in both cycling and resting phases of the cell cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of resistance is seen with the alkylating agent bleomycin, cisplatin, and the anthracyclines?

<p>Formation of trapping agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of many solid tumors?

<p>To reduce the risk of local and systemic recurrence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is a mechanism of resistance of tumor cells to methotrexate?

<p>Dihydrofolate reductase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of primary induction chemotherapy?

<p>To palliate cancer symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is primary induction chemotherapy curative?

<p>For advanced metastatic disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of tumor cell resistance to most of the purine and pyrimidine antimetabolites?

<p>Inactivation of anticancer drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug resistance?

<p>Increased expression of MDR1 gene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemotherapy do you get after your primary treatment, such as surgery or radiation?

<p>Adjuvant chemotherapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy" is chemo that you get before which type of treatment?

<p>&quot;Primary treatment for solid tumors&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer?

<p>Normal control mechanisms governing cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important cause of cancer according to the text?

<p>Environmental exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

<p>Cell cycle-specific (CCS) drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common environmental carcinogen mentioned in the text?

<p>Tobacco smoke (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is associated with certain types of cancer according to the text?

<p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs according to the text?

<p>Target resting cancer cells only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chemotherapy serves as an important adjuvant to local treatment procedures such as surgery or radiation?

<p>Adjuvant chemotherapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of primary induction chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced solid tumors?

<p>Curative treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism of resistance is particularly important for alkylating agents and cisplatin?

<p>Increased DNA repair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

<p>Shrinking the tumor before primary treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of resistance of tumor cells to methotrexate?

<p>Changes in target enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

<p>Cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug resistance?

<p>Decreased drug accumulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is primary induction chemotherapy curative?

<p>In a small number of patients with advanced metastatic disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of tumor cell resistance to most of the purine and pyrimidine antimetabolites?

<p>Inactivation of anticancer drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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