Understanding Cancer Chemotherapy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer?

  • Loss of appetite and weight loss
  • Decreased cell proliferation
  • Defect in the normal control mechanisms governing cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation (correct)
  • Increased differentiation of cells

    • Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

  • Hormonal therapy
  • Cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs
  • Antibiotics
  • Cell cycle-specific (CCS) drugs (correct)

    • What is the most common cause of cancer in the United States?

  • Genetic mutations
  • Viral infections
  • Exposure to ionizing radiation
  • Chemical carcinogens like tobacco smoke (correct)

    • Which viruses are associated with certain types of cancer?

    <p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of environmental carcinogens mentioned in the text?

    <p>Azo dyes and asbestos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs?

    <p>Killing tumor cells in both cycling and resting phases of the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of resistance is seen with the alkylating agent bleomycin, cisplatin, and the anthracyclines?

    <p>Formation of trapping agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of many solid tumors?

    <p>To reduce the risk of local and systemic recurrence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is a mechanism of resistance of tumor cells to methotrexate?

    <p>Dihydrofolate reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of primary induction chemotherapy?

    <p>To palliate cancer symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is primary induction chemotherapy curative?

    <p>For advanced metastatic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of tumor cell resistance to most of the purine and pyrimidine antimetabolites?

    <p>Inactivation of anticancer drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug resistance?

    <p>Increased expression of MDR1 gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemotherapy do you get after your primary treatment, such as surgery or radiation?

    <p>Adjuvant chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Neoadjuvant chemotherapy" is chemo that you get before which type of treatment?

    <p>&quot;Primary treatment for solid tumors&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer?

    <p>Normal control mechanisms governing cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important cause of cancer according to the text?

    <p>Environmental exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

    <p>Cell cycle-specific (CCS) drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common environmental carcinogen mentioned in the text?

    <p>Tobacco smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is associated with certain types of cancer according to the text?

    <p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs according to the text?

    <p>Target resting cancer cells only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chemotherapy serves as an important adjuvant to local treatment procedures such as surgery or radiation?

    <p>Adjuvant chemotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of primary induction chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced solid tumors?

    <p>Curative treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism of resistance is particularly important for alkylating agents and cisplatin?

    <p>Increased DNA repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy?

    <p>Shrinking the tumor before primary treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of resistance of tumor cells to methotrexate?

    <p>Changes in target enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anticancer drugs exert their actions selectively on cycling cells?

    <p>Cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug resistance?

    <p>Decreased drug accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is primary induction chemotherapy curative?

    <p>In a small number of patients with advanced metastatic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of tumor cell resistance to most of the purine and pyrimidine antimetabolites?

    <p>Inactivation of anticancer drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

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