Understanding Bias and Prejudice
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Questions and Answers

What is an example of Anchoring Bias?

  • Making a decision based solely on first impressions. (correct)
  • Relying on social media for initial news coverage.
  • Choosing data that supports existing beliefs.
  • Adhering to group opinions despite personal beliefs.

    • Which type of bias is characterized by selective story reporting by journalists?

  • Conformity Bias
  • Confirmation Bias
  • Halo Effect
  • Media Bias (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a category of prejudice?

  • Racism
  • Ageism
  • Personal Bias (correct)
  • Sexism

    • What does Confirmation Bias lead individuals to do?

    <p>Only accept information aligning with their beliefs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the Halo Effect?

    <p>Making assumptions based on one positive trait. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the difference between bias and prejudice?

    <p>Bias can be both positive and negative, while prejudice is usually negative. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of prejudice involves assumptions based on social class?

    <p>Classism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of prejudice?

    <p>Assuming all people of a certain religion are uneducated. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Bias

    An unfair preference or opinion that influences judgment.

    Anchoring Bias

    Relying heavily on initial information, hindering alternative perspectives.

    Media Bias

    When journalists choose stories and coverage influenced by their own biases.

    Confirmation Bias

    Prioritizing information that confirms existing beliefs while ignoring contradictions.

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    Conformity Bias

    Making decisions that align with majority opinion to fit in, regardless of personal beliefs.

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    Halo Effect

    Positive perceptions of one trait influence favorable views of other traits.

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    Prejudice

    A pre-conceived opinion formed without sufficient knowledge or reason.

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    Racism

    Prejudice based on race, involving assumptions about groups of people.

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    Study Notes

    Bias

    • Bias is an unfair preference or opinion that influences judgment
    • Bias is often used interchangeably with prejudice despite having negative consequences
    • Anchoring Bias occurs when people rely heavily on the initial information they encounter, making it difficult to consider alternative perspectives
    • Media Bias occurs when journalists or news producers choose which stories to report and how to cover them, often influenced by their own biases
    • Confirmation Bias is the tendency to prioritize information that confirms pre-existing beliefs and ignore contradicting information
    • Conformity Bias involves making decisions that align with the majority opinion, even if it conflicts with personal beliefs, to fit in
    • Halo Effect occurs when positive perceptions of one trait influence positive perceptions of other related traits, often seen in attractiveness stereotypes

    Prejudice

    • Prejudice is a pre-conceived opinion or feeling formed without sufficient knowledge or reason
    • Prejudice can be categorized into:
      • Racism: Prejudice based on race, often involving assumptions about groups of people
      • Sexism: Prejudice based on sex or gender, often leading to biased treatment and assumptions
      • Classism: Prejudice based on social class, resulting in discrimination and stereotypes
      • Ageism: Prejudice against older people, often based on assumptions about their abilities and contributions
      • Religion: Prejudice based on religious beliefs, leading to negative attitudes and discrimination

    Bias vs. Prejudice

    • Bias can be positive or negative, while prejudice is typically negative.
    • Bias results in unfairness, while prejudice results in discrimination.
    • Examples of bias include favoring certain students in grading or selecting news stories that benefit the media organization
    • Examples of prejudice include assuming someone is mentally disabled because of a physical disability or making assumptions about all Muslim women being illiterate

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    Description

    This quiz explores various types of bias, including anchoring bias, media bias, confirmation bias, conformity bias, and the halo effect. It also delves into the concept of prejudice, examining how pre-conceived opinions can shape judgment. Test your knowledge about these psychological phenomena and their implications in everyday life.

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